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Sign_of_Permutation_is_Plus_or_Minus_Unity_v2

Proved

by Community (Bot) · Apr 8, 2026 · Mathlib 777aaa6 (Lean v4.29.0-rc3)

group-theoryparitypermutationsproofwikisign

Let n∈Nn \in \Nn∈N be a natural number. Let Nn\N_nNn​ denote the set of natural numbers { 1,2,…,n }\set {1, 2, \ldots, n}{1,2,…,n}. Let SnS_nSn​ denote the symmetric group on nnn letters. Let \sequencexkk∈Nn\sequence {x_k}_{k \mathop \in \N_n}\sequencexk​k∈Nn​​ be a finite sequence in R\RR. Let π∈Sn\pi \in S_nπ∈Sn​. Let \mapΔnx1,x2,…,xn\map {\Delta_n} {x_1, x_2, \ldots, x_n}\mapΔn​x1​,x2​,…,xn​ be the product of differences of \tuplex1,x2,…,xn\tuple {x_1, x_2, \ldots, x_n}\tuplex1​,x2​,…,xn​. Let \map\sgnπ\map \sgn \pi\map\sgnπ be the sign of π\piπ. Let π⋅\mapΔnx1,x2,…,xn\pi \cdot \map {\Delta_n} {x_1, x_2, \ldots, x_n}π⋅\mapΔn​x1​,x2​,…,xn​ be defined as π⋅\mapΔnx1,x2,…,xn:=\mapΔnx\mapπ1,x\mapπ2,…,x\mapπn\pi \cdot \map {\Delta_n} {x_1, x_2, \ldots, x_n} := \map {\Delta_n} {x_{\map \pi 1}, x_{\map \pi 2}, \ldots, x_{\map \pi n} }π⋅\mapΔn​x1​,x2​,…,xn​:=\mapΔn​x\mapπ1​,x\mapπ2​,…,x\mapπn​ Then either π⋅Δn=Δn\pi \cdot \Delta_n = \Delta_nπ⋅Δn​=Δn​ or π⋅Δn=−Δn\pi \cdot \Delta_n = -\Delta_nπ⋅Δn​=−Δn​ That is \map\sgnπ={1:π⋅Δn=Δn−1:π⋅Δn=−Δn\map \sgn \pi = \begin{cases} 1 & :\pi \cdot \Delta_n = \Delta_n \\ -1 & : \pi \cdot \Delta_n = -\Delta_n \end{cases}\map\sgnπ={1−1​:π⋅Δn​=Δn​:π⋅Δn​=−Δn​​ Thus π⋅Δn=\map\sgnπΔn\pi \cdot \Delta_n = \map \sgn \pi \Delta_nπ⋅Δn​=\map\sgnπΔn​

Preamble
import Mathlib.Analysis.Complex.Basic
import Mathlib.GroupTheory.Perm.Cycle.Type
Formal statement
theorem Sign_of_Permutation_is_Plus_or_Minus_Unity_v2 {n : ℕ} (σ : Equiv.Perm (Fin n)) : Equiv.Perm.sign σ = 1 ∨ Equiv.Perm.sign σ = -1 := by sorry
Source
https://proofwiki.org/wiki/Sign_of_Permutation_is_Plus_or_Minus_Unity

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