For a Laurent polynomial z in u/s with a five-dimensional conjugation hull, Theorem F's shapes D1, D2a, D2b hold exactly when Theorem E's classes (P), (Q), (R) do
ProvedDiazModulus.laurent_conj_hull_configuration_shape_iff_classLet be transcendental, that is, (the algebraic numbers); spans and linear independence are over . Let with , and put . Let , let for , put , and let , the conjugation hull of . Suppose . Then has one of Theorem F's shapes (D1), (D2a), (D2b) if and only if it is in one of Theorem E's classes (P), (Q), (R).
Theorem F's shapes:
- (D1) there are linearly independent with and for every ;
- (D2a, two-orbit) for some with coprime, and ;
- (D2b, cyclic) for some such .
Theorem E's classes:
- (P) for some , not both zero;
- (Q) for some with , and ;
- (R) with , for some with and some with and .
Theorem E (DiazModulus.laurent_conj_hull_two_by_three_configuration_iff) and Theorem F (DiazModulus.rational_conj_hull_two_by_three_configuration_iff) both say when carries a configuration; this node says that, for Laurent , their criteria agree.
Proof. Put , which is algebraic as is. Since , lies in the field , and so do its integer powers and . Theorem E (DiazModulus.laurent_conj_hull_two_by_three_configuration_iff, 10.98) says that carries a configuration if and only if and is of class (P), (Q) or (R). Theorem F (DiazModulus.rational_conj_hull_two_by_three_configuration_iff, 10.146), which applies because is algebraic and , says that carries one if and only if either and for some with , or and has shape (D1), (D2a) or (D2b). As , the dimension-four alternative is excluded. So (D1), (D2a) or (D2b) gives a configuration by Theorem F, hence (P), (Q) or (R) by Theorem E; and (P), (Q) or (R) gives a configuration by Theorem E, hence (D1), (D2a) or (D2b) by Theorem F. The proof uses Theorem E: it does not derive Theorem E from Theorem F.
Novelty. Not found in the sources read; routine. A corollary of two equivalences: Theorem E (DiazModulus.laurent_conj_hull_two_by_three_configuration_iff, 10.98) and Theorem F (DiazModulus.rational_conj_hull_two_by_three_configuration_iff, 10.146) both say when the hull carries a configuration, and Theorem F asks Theorem E's question for every rational in . That their criteria agree on Laurent hulls was earlier checked by exact computation only; here it is proved. The proof goes through Theorem E: it does not derive Theorem E from Theorem F, and Theorem E's explicit criteria still do not follow from Theorem F. The explicit maps from the classes to the shapes are DiazModulus.laurent_polynomial_class_conj_hull_two_orbit_form ((P) to (D2a)), DiazModulus.laurent_involution_class_space_cyclic_form ((Q) to (D2b)) and DiazModulus.laurent_real_pencil_class_space_u_multiplier_triple ((R) to (D1)).
import Definitions.Def_DiazModulus
open Complex ComplexConjugate
namespace DiazModulus
open Polynomial in
theorem laurent_conj_hull_configuration_shape_iff_class
(u s : ℂ) (hu : u ∉ Qbar) (hs : s ∈ Qbar) (hss : s * s = u * conj u)
(k : ℕ) (c : ℤ → ℂ) (hc : ∀ j, c j ∈ Qbar)
(h5 : Module.finrank (↥Qbar) (Submodule.span Qbar ({1, u, conj u, (∑ j ∈ Finset.Icc (-(k : ℤ)) k, c j * (u / s) ^ j), conj (∑ j ∈ Finset.Icc (-(k : ℤ)) k, c j * (u / s) ^ j)} : Set ℂ)) = 5) :
((∃ t : Fin 3 → ℂ, LinearIndependent (↥Qbar) t ∧ ∀ j, t j ∈ Submodule.span Qbar ({1, u, conj u, (∑ j ∈ Finset.Icc (-(k : ℤ)) k, c j * (u / s) ^ j), conj (∑ j ∈ Finset.Icc (-(k : ℤ)) k, c j * (u / s) ^ j)} : Set ℂ) ∧ u * t j ∈ Submodule.span Qbar ({1, u, conj u, (∑ j ∈ Finset.Icc (-(k : ℤ)) k, c j * (u / s) ^ j), conj (∑ j ∈ Finset.Icc (-(k : ℤ)) k, c j * (u / s) ^ j)} : Set ℂ)) ∨ (∃ P' Q' S₁ S₂ : (↥Qbar)[X], IsCoprime P' Q' ∧ max P'.natDegree Q'.natDegree = 2 ∧
S₁.natDegree ≤ 2 ∧ S₂.natDegree ≤ 2 ∧
Submodule.span Qbar ({1, u, conj u, (∑ j ∈ Finset.Icc (-(k : ℤ)) k, c j * (u / s) ^ j), conj (∑ j ∈ Finset.Icc (-(k : ℤ)) k, c j * (u / s) ^ j)} : Set ℂ) = Submodule.span Qbar ({1, u, u⁻¹, aeval u Q' * aeval u S₁ / (u * aeval u P'),
aeval u P' * aeval u S₂ / (u * aeval u Q')} : Set ℂ)) ∨
(∃ P' Q' S₁ S₂ : (↥Qbar)[X], IsCoprime P' Q' ∧ max P'.natDegree Q'.natDegree = 2 ∧
S₁.natDegree ≤ 2 ∧ S₂.natDegree ≤ 2 ∧
Submodule.span Qbar ({1, u, conj u, (∑ j ∈ Finset.Icc (-(k : ℤ)) k, c j * (u / s) ^ j), conj (∑ j ∈ Finset.Icc (-(k : ℤ)) k, c j * (u / s) ^ j)} : Set ℂ) = Submodule.span Qbar ({1, u, u⁻¹, aeval u Q' * aeval u S₁ / (u * aeval u P'),
aeval u Q' * (aeval u Q' * aeval u S₁ + aeval u P' * aeval u S₂) / (u * aeval u P' ^ 2)} :
Set ℂ))) ↔
((∃ α β : ℂ, α ∈ Qbar ∧ β ∈ Qbar ∧ (α ≠ 0 ∨ β ≠ 0) ∧ α * u ^ 2 + β * u ^ 3 ∈ Submodule.span Qbar ({1, u, conj u, (∑ j ∈ Finset.Icc (-(k : ℤ)) k, c j * (u / s) ^ j), conj (∑ j ∈ Finset.Icc (-(k : ℤ)) k, c j * (u / s) ^ j)} : Set ℂ)) ∨
(∃ e β ζ : ℂ, e ∈ Qbar ∧ β ∈ Qbar ∧ ζ ∈ Qbar ∧ e * conj e = 1 ∧ β * conj β = 1 ∧
ζ = -(β * e ^ 2 * conj ζ) ∧
Submodule.span Qbar ({1, u, conj u, (∑ j ∈ Finset.Icc (-(k : ℤ)) k, c j * (u / s) ^ j), conj (∑ j ∈ Finset.Icc (-(k : ℤ)) k, c j * (u / s) ^ j)} : Set ℂ) =
Submodule.span Qbar ({1, u, conj u, conj (u / s) ^ 2 + e * (u / s) ^ 2, β * conj (u / s) ^ 3 + ζ * (u / s) ^ 2 + e * (u / s) ^ 3} : Set ℂ)) ∨
(∃ κ : ℂ, κ ∈ Qbar ∧ κ * conj κ = 1 ∧ ∃ G : Polynomial ↥Qbar, G.coeff 0 = 0 ∧ 2 ≤ G.natDegree ∧
Submodule.span Qbar ({1, u, conj u, (∑ j ∈ Finset.Icc (-(k : ℤ)) k, c j * (u / s) ^ j), conj (∑ j ∈ Finset.Icc (-(k : ℤ)) k, c j * (u / s) ^ j)} : Set ℂ) =
Submodule.span Qbar ({1, u, conj u, (Polynomial.aeval (u / s) G + κ * conj ((u / s) * Polynomial.aeval (u / s) G)), conj (Polynomial.aeval (u / s) G + κ * conj ((u / s) * Polynomial.aeval (u / s) G))} : Set ℂ))) := by
sorry
end DiazModulus