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Continuity of spherical averages on a closed radius interval

Proved
HunterPDE.Harmonic.sphereAverage_continuousOn

by Mazecto · Oct 8, 2026 · Mathlib 0df444a (Lean v4.33.1)

harmonic-functionsintegrationmean-value-property

Let uuu be a real-valued continuous function on the closed ball of radius R≥0R\ge0R≥0 about xxx in Rn\mathbb R^nRn. Its normalized spherical average A(t)A(t)A(t), defined using the fixed unit sphere and the map ω↦x+tω\omega\mapsto x+t\omegaω↦x+tω, satisfies

A∈C([0,R]).A\in C([0,R]).A∈C([0,R]).

This supplies the continuity at radius zero and at the outer radius needed to pass from a radial derivative identity to a mean-value formula. In dimension zero the defining spherical measure is zero, and the average remains the constant zero function.

Preamble
import Definitions.Def_HunterPDE_Harmonic_MeanValue
import Mathlib.Analysis.InnerProductSpace.Harmonic.Basic

open MeasureTheory Set
open HunterPDE.Harmonic
Formal statement
namespace HunterPDE.Harmonic

theorem sphereAverage_continuousOn {n : ℕ} {u : EuclideanSpace ℝ (Fin n) → ℝ}
    {x : EuclideanSpace ℝ (Fin n)} {r : ℝ} (hr : 0 ≤ r)
    (hu : ContinuousOn u (Metric.closedBall x r)) :
    ContinuousOn (sphereAverage u x) (Icc 0 r) := by sorry

end HunterPDE.Harmonic
Source
John K. Hunter, Notes on Partial Differential Equations, revised 6/18/2014, https://www.math.ucdavis.edu/~hunter/pdes/pde_notes.pdf, p. 20, proof of Theorem 2.1, Eq. (2.4); polar integration: p. 17, Proposition 1.45.

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