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ζ′/ζ(s)+1/(s−1)≪log⁡2q(∣t∣+2)\zeta'/\zeta(s)+1/(s-1)\ll\log^2 q(|t|+2)ζ′/ζ(s)+1/(s−1)≪log2q(∣t∣+2) in a zero-free region of ζ\zetaζ (Davenport §§13, 18)

Proved
Davenport.zeta_logDeriv_region_bound

by alya · Sep 3, 2026 · Mathlib c5ea003 (Lean v4.30.0)

analytic-number-theorynumber-theoryprime-number-theoremriemann-zetasiegel-walfisz

The logarithmic derivative of ζ\zetaζ in a zero-free region, with the pole removed. Fix a region constant c>0c>0c>0. There is a constant C>0C>0C>0, depending only on ccc, such that the following holds for every integer q≥1q\ge1q≥1 (a parameter only entering through the shape of the region). Suppose that

ζ(s)≠0for all s≠1 with Re⁡s≥1−clog⁡(q(∣Im⁡s∣+2)).\zeta(s)\neq0\qquad\text{for all }s\ne1\text{ with }\operatorname{Re}s\ge1-\frac{c}{\log\bigl(q(|\operatorname{Im}s|+2)\bigr)} .ζ(s)=0for all s=1 with Res≥1−log(q(∣Ims∣+2))c​.

Then for every s=σ+it≠1s=\sigma+it\ne1s=σ+it=1 with

σ≥1−c/4log⁡(q(∣t∣+2))andσ≥34,\sigma\ge1-\frac{c/4}{\log\bigl(q(|t|+2)\bigr)}\qquad\text{and}\qquad\sigma\ge\tfrac34,σ≥1−log(q(∣t∣+2))c/4​andσ≥43​,

one has

∣ζ′ζ(s)+1s−1∣  ≤  C log⁡2(q(∣t∣+2)).\Bigl|\frac{\zeta'}{\zeta}(s)+\frac1{s-1}\Bigr|\;\le\;C\,\log^2\bigl(q(|t|+2)\bigr).​ζζ′​(s)+s−11​​≤Clog2(q(∣t∣+2)).

This is the estimate for ζ′/ζ\zeta'/\zetaζ′/ζ on the shifted contour in de la Vallée Poussin's proof of the prime number theorem with error term xexp⁡(−clog⁡x)x\exp(-c\sqrt{\log x})xexp(−clogx​) (Davenport §18), stated with the modulus-dependent region 1−c/log⁡(q(∣t∣+2))1-c/\log(q(|t|+2))1−c/log(q(∣t∣+2)) so that it serves the principal character in the Siegel–Walfisz theorem: since L(s,χ0)=ζ(s)∏p∣q(1−p−s)L(s,\chi_0)=\zeta(s)\prod_{p\mid q}(1-p^{-s})L(s,χ0​)=ζ(s)∏p∣q​(1−p−s), the hypothesis is exactly the zero-freeness of L(⋅,χ0)L(\cdot,\chi_0)L(⋅,χ0​) in the region of IsExceptionalSet, and the conclusion is the χ0\chi_0χ0​ case of Davenport.logDeriv_LFunction_region_bound up to the O(log⁡q)O(\log q)O(logq) contribution of the finite Euler product. For q=1q=1q=1 it is the classical statement. It follows from Landau's local partial-fraction expansion of the logarithmic derivative of the entire function (s−1)ζ(s)(s-1)\zeta(s)(s−1)ζ(s) on discs ∣s−(2+it)∣≤3/2|s-(2+it)|\le 3/2∣s−(2+it)∣≤3/2 (the platform theorem Zeta23.WeilEF.logDeriv_partial_fraction_disk, with the growth bound ζ(s)≪∣t∣\zeta(s)\ll|t|ζ(s)≪∣t∣ for σ≥δ\sigma\ge\deltaσ≥δ), because in the region every zero ρ\rhoρ of ζ\zetaζ in such a disc satisfies Re⁡s−Re⁡ρ≫1/log⁡(q(∣t∣+2))\operatorname{Re}s-\operatorname{Re}\rho\gg1/\log(q(|t|+2))Res−Reρ≫1/log(q(∣t∣+2)) and there are O(log⁡(q(∣t∣+2)))O(\log(q(|t|+2)))O(log(q(∣t∣+2))) of them; for σ\sigmaσ large the Dirichlet series gives a trivial bound.

Formalization Note. InRegion c q s unfolds to 1−c/log⁡(q(∣Im⁡s∣+2))≤Re⁡s1-c/\log(q(|\operatorname{Im}s|+2))\le\operatorname{Re}s1−c/log(q(∣Ims∣+2))≤Res; deriv riemannZeta s / riemannZeta s is ζ′/ζ(s)\zeta'/\zeta(s)ζ′/ζ(s) (Mathlib's riemannZeta, whose value at s=1s=1s=1 is irrelevant since s≠1s\ne1s=1 is assumed). The hypothesis may be unsatisfiable for large ccc (e.g. if the region contains s=−2s=-2s=−2), in which case the statement is vacuous, not false.

Preamble
import Definitions.Def_Davenport_siegelWalfisz
import Mathlib.NumberTheory.LSeries.DirichletContinuation
import Mathlib.NumberTheory.LSeries.Basic
import Mathlib.NumberTheory.DirichletCharacter.Basic
import Mathlib.NumberTheory.ArithmeticFunction.VonMangoldt
import Mathlib.NumberTheory.Chebyshev
import Mathlib.Analysis.Analytic.Order
import Mathlib.Analysis.SpecialFunctions.Complex.LogDeriv
import Mathlib.Analysis.SpecialFunctions.Pow.Real
import Mathlib.Analysis.SpecialFunctions.Pow.Complex
import Mathlib.Analysis.SpecialFunctions.Log.Basic
import Mathlib.Analysis.SpecialFunctions.Exp
import Mathlib.Analysis.SpecialFunctions.Sqrt
import Mathlib.Algebra.BigOperators.Finprod
import Mathlib.Data.Nat.Totient

open Finset DirichletCharacter Vino
Formal statement
namespace Davenport

theorem zeta_logDeriv_region_bound (c : ℝ) (hc : 0 < c) :
    ∃ C : ℝ, 0 < C ∧
      ∀ (q : ℕ) [NeZero q],
        (∀ s : ℂ, s ≠ 1 → InRegion c q s → riemannZeta s ≠ 0) →
        ∀ s : ℂ, InRegion (c / 4) q s → 3 / 4 ≤ s.re → s ≠ 1 →
          ‖deriv riemannZeta s / riemannZeta s + 1 / (s - 1)‖
            ≤ C * Real.log ((q : ℝ) * (|s.im| + 2)) ^ 2 := by sorry

end Davenport
Source
H. Davenport, Multiplicative Number Theory, 3rd ed. (revised by H. L. Montgomery), GTM 74, Springer, 2000, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-5927-3; §18 (The prime number theorem, pp. 111–114): the bound ζ′/ζ(s) ≪ log² t on σ ≥ 1 − c/log t used to estimate the shifted contour (obtained from §16-type partial fractions and the zero-free region of §13, eq. (7)); §13, eq. (4)–(5) (Landau's partial fraction expansion of ζ′/ζ near the line σ=2); cf. Montgomery–Vaughan, Multiplicative Number Theory I, Lemma 6.4 and the proof of Theorem 6.9 (eq. (6.21))

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