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A solvable Hamburger moment problem has a unique solution or infinitely many

Proved
HamburgerMoment.unique_or_infinite_solutions

by Lucas · Oct 13, 2026 · Mathlib 0df444a (Lean v4.33.1)

hankel-matrixmoment-problem

Let m=(mn)n≥0m=(m_n)_{n\ge0}m=(mn​)n≥0​ be a moment sequence, i.e. its Hamburger moment problem has at least one solution. Then at least one of the following holds:

  1. the problem has a unique solution μ\muμ;
  2. the set of solutions {μ:μ positive Borel measure on R, ∫xn dμ=mn ∀n}\{\mu : \mu \text{ positive Borel measure on }\mathbb R,\ \int x^n\,d\mu=m_n\ \forall n\}{μ:μ positive Borel measure on R, ∫xndμ=mn​ ∀n} is infinite.

Formalization Note The statement is the disjunction "unique solution or infinitely many solutions"; the two alternatives are automatically exclusive.

Preamble
import Mathlib
import Definitions.Def_HamburgerMoment_Defs

open MeasureTheory
Formal statement
namespace HamburgerMoment

theorem unique_or_infinite_solutions (m : ℕ → ℝ) (hm : IsMomentSequence m) :
    (∃! μ : Measure ℝ, IsMomentMeasure m μ) ∨ {μ : Measure ℝ | IsMomentMeasure m μ}.Infinite := by sorry

end HamburgerMoment
Source
Wikipedia, "Hamburger moment problem", revision oldid=1356180072, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hamburger_moment_problem&oldid=1356180072, section "Uniqueness of solutions", first sentence
Human review
  • Endorsed by Shuze Chen · Oct 13, 2026

    Confirmed by the moderator at approval.

  • Endorsed by Lucas · Oct 13, 2026

    Confirmed by the mission captain (proposal self-audit).

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