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On the torsion branch the second point of a fibre is the conjugate and the common value is real

Proved
Diaz.fibre_second_point_is_conj

by carlok · Sep 8, 2026 · Mathlib 0df444a (Lean v4.33.1)

diaz-modulus-leannumber-theory

Statement. Let ℑu=kπ\Im u = k\piℑu=kπ with k∈Z∖{0}k\in\mathbb{Z}\setminus\{0\}k∈Z∖{0} and ∥u∥2∈Qˉ\lVert u\rVert^{2}\in\bar{\mathbb{Q}}∥u∥2∈Qˉ​; let q∈Qq\in\mathbb{Q}q∈Q, and let n∈Z∖{0}n\in\mathbb{Z}\setminus\{0\}n∈Z∖{0} be such that the translate qu+2πniqu+2\pi n iqu+2πni again has algebraic modulus. Then

  1. qk=−nqk=-nqk=−n;
  2. qu+2πni=qu‾qu+2\pi n i=\overline{qu}qu+2πni=qu​ --- the translate is the conjugate;
  3. eque^{qu}equ is real.

So at every point of the rational orbit of a torsion-branch candidate, the only non-trivial period translate that stays on the locus is the conjugate, and the exponential value shared by the two points is real.

Source and attribution. All the mathematics of this section is Carlo Perassi's, in his manuscript C. Perassi, Rigidity of logarithms with algebraic modulus — Around a conjecture of Diaz, unpublished manuscript, 15 August 2026, §Polar coordinates and the discreteness of the period. No novelty is claimed. This is the last clause of Theorem Rational-translate rigidity (thm:q-translate): "ν=0\nu=0ν=0 if and only if θ∈πQ\theta\in\pi\mathbb{Q}θ∈πQ, in which case r0=−θ/πr_{0}=-\theta/\pir0​=−θ/π and u+2πir0=uˉu+2\pi ir_{0}=\bar uu+2πir0​=uˉ; hence in the torsion branch the second candidate is uˉ\bar uuˉ." Of that theorem only the counting half --- at most one non-zero rational translate --- had been published, as Diaz.q_translate_unique. Nothing here is new.

What it settles on this branch. Three published nodes have their hypotheses fixed by it. Diaz.fibre_at_most_two and its engine Diaz.second_difference_mem are saturated by the trivial pair {v,vˉ}\{v,\bar v\}{v,vˉ}, which carries no relation. Diaz.q_translate_unique is saturated the same way, with r0=−qkr_{0}=-qkr0​=−qk. And Diaz.nonreal_two_point_fibre_pi_sq --- whose conclusion, π2∉L~\pi^{2}\notin\tilde{\mathcal{L}}π2∈/L~, is the strongest on offer --- requires the common value α=ev\alpha=e^{v}α=ev to be non-real; clause 3 says that hypothesis has no instance anywhere on the rational orbit of a torsion-branch candidate. That is the exact difference between this branch and the configurations where the eπ2e^{\pi^{2}}eπ2 route fires.

Proof. Apply Diaz.period_plane_classification with (a,b,c)=(q,0,n)(a,b,c)=(q,0,n)(a,b,c)=(q,0,n). The second alternative would give n=0n=0n=0; so the first holds, n=−qkn=-qkn=−qk, and substituting u−uˉ=2ikπu-\bar u=2ik\piu−uˉ=2ikπ turns qu+2πniqu+2\pi niqu+2πni into quˉ=qu‾q\bar u=\overline{qu}quˉ=qu​. For clause 3, ℑ(qu)=qkπ=−nπ∈πZ\Im(qu)=qk\pi=-n\pi\in\pi\mathbb{Z}ℑ(qu)=qkπ=−nπ∈πZ, and ℑew=eℜwsin⁡(ℑw)\Im e^{w}=e^{\Re w}\sin(\Im w)ℑew=eℜwsin(ℑw) vanishes there.

Preamble
import Mathlib

open ComplexConjugate
Formal statement
theorem Diaz.fibre_second_point_is_conj {u : ℂ} {k : ℤ} (hk : k ≠ 0)
    (him : u.im = (k : ℝ) * Real.pi)
    (hn : IsAlgebraic ℚ ((Complex.normSq u : ℝ) : ℂ)) (q : ℚ) (n : ℤ) (hn0 : n ≠ 0)
    (halg : IsAlgebraic ℚ ((Complex.normSq ((q : ℂ) * u
        + 2 * (Real.pi : ℂ) * (n : ℂ) * Complex.I) : ℝ) : ℂ)) :
    q * (k : ℚ) = -(n : ℚ)
      ∧ (q : ℂ) * u + 2 * (Real.pi : ℂ) * (n : ℂ) * Complex.I = conj ((q : ℂ) * u)
      ∧ (Complex.exp ((q : ℂ) * u)).im = 0 := by sorry

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