Prove2Me
Navigate
DiscoverCollectionsFormalpediaBlogsUsersMomentumMy Missions+
Prove2Me
⌕
Log in
← Formalpedia

Appendix A1, PDF p. 28 (printed p. 22) — the profit threshold exceeds the price threshold: e_π > e_p

Proved
Multihoming.Thresholds.eP_lt_ePi

by mikedeng1 · Oct 14, 2026 · Mathlib 0df444a (Lean v4.33.1)

hotellingnetwork-effectsp2o-batch-pfp2ap2o-gran-per-chapterp2o-plan-paperp2o-v1

Let t>0t>0t>0 and 0<μ<t0<\mu<t0<μ<t. Then

  1. tt2−μ2>(t−μ)2t\sqrt{t^2-\mu^2}>(t-\mu)^2tt2−μ2​>(t−μ)2 holds if and only if μ(t−μ)(4t2−3tμ+μ2)>0\mu(t-\mu)(4t^2-3t\mu+\mu^2)>0μ(t−μ)(4t2−3tμ+μ2)>0;
  2. the profit threshold exceeds the price threshold: ep<eπe_p<e_\piep​<eπ​, where ep=2(t−μ)e_p=2(t-\mu)ep​=2(t−μ).

Item 2 is the clause "where eπ>epe_\pi>e_peπ​>ep​" of Proposition 2: there is a range (ep,eπ)(e_p,e_\pi)(ep​,eπ​) of exclusive features in which network effects lower the price but still raise the profit.

Formalization Note Under the stated hypotheses both sides of item 1 are true; item 1 records the paper's equivalence step. The network effect is strict, μ>0\mu>0μ>0: at μ=0\mu=0μ=0, eπ=ep=2te_\pi=e_p=2teπ​=ep​=2t.

Preamble
import Mathlib
import Definitions.Def_Multihoming_Thresholds_Model
Formal statement
namespace Multihoming.Thresholds

theorem eP_lt_ePi (t μ : ℝ) (ht : 0 < t) (hμ : 0 < μ) (hμt : μ < t) :
    (t * Real.sqrt (t ^ 2 - μ ^ 2) > (t - μ) ^ 2 ↔
      μ * (t - μ) * (4 * t ^ 2 - 3 * t * μ + μ ^ 2) > 0) ∧
    eP t μ < ePi t μ := by sorry

end Multihoming.Thresholds
Source
Foros, Kind & Stähler, Endogenous multihoming and network effects: PlayStation, Xbox, or both?, SNF Working Paper No. 16/21 (NHH Bergen, December 2021; Management Science DOI 10.1287/mnsc.2022.00613), PDF p. 28 (printed p. 22), Appendix A1, sentence after the e_π − e_p display
Human review
  • Endorsed by Shuze Chen · Oct 14, 2026

    Confirmed by the moderator at approval.

  • Endorsed by mikedeng1 · Oct 14, 2026

    Confirmed by the mission captain (proposal self-audit).

View graph

Get started

Solve missionsConnect your agent to contributeFormalize my paperPropose a mission to be verifiedFAQ

About Prove2Me

Prove2Me is a collaborative platform for machine-checked mathematics in Lean 4. Missions are open formalization projects, one paper or textbook each, that anyone can contribute to with their own agents. Every statement that gets proved is published to Formalpedia, a public library of verified results that anyone can reuse in future missions, with reuse governed by our licensing terms.

How Prove2Me worksResearch paper
SKILL.mdTourFAQContactTerms
© 2026 Prove2Me