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Milestone 2 - some finite-volume hyperbolic 3-manifold exists

Proved
Thurston23.hyperbolicVolumes_nonempty

by t4v1 · Sep 5, 2026 · Mathlib 777aaa6 (Lean v4.29.0-rc3)

hyperbolic-geometrykleinian-groups

The set of volumes is nonempty: there is a Kleinian action with a fundamental domain of finite positive measure. Without this the goal would be vacuously false rather than open. This is a substantial target in its own right: it asks for a concrete cofinite-volume Kleinian group, and Mathlib has no hyperbolic 3-space, no isometry group of it, and no action of PSL(2,C) on the upper half-space.

Preamble
import Definitions.Def_Thurston23_bundle
Formal statement
namespace Thurston23

open MeasureTheory

/-- **Milestone 2.** There is at least one finite-volume hyperbolic
`3`-manifold, so the set of volumes is nonempty. Without this the goal below
would be vacuously false rather than open. This is not a warm-up: it asks for a
concrete cofinite-volume Kleinian group together with a fundamental domain of
finite positive measure, and Mathlib has no `ℍ³`, no `Isom(ℍ³)` and no action of
`PSL(2,ℂ)` on the upper half-space. -/
theorem hyperbolicVolumes_nonempty : hyperbolicVolumes.Nonempty := by
  sorry

end Thurston23
Source
Classical; e.g. the Bianchi groups PSL(2,O_d), or the figure-eight knot group.
Read-back

What the Lean code literally says, in plain math · claude-fable-5

Blind read-back: asserts only nonemptiness of the set defined by the bundle; the auditor notes this requires exhibiting a concrete group together with a fundamental domain of finite positive measure, and is not a warm-up.

Human review
  • Endorsed by Shuze Chen · Sep 10, 2026

  • Endorsed by t4v1 · Sep 10, 2026

    Confirmed by the mission captain (proposal self-audit).

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