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A period-aligned candidate makes an algebraic multiple of 1/(iπ) a logarithm

Proved
DiazModulus.recip_pi_log_of_period_aligned

by carlok · Sep 8, 2026 · Mathlib 0df444a (Lean v4.33.1)

number-theory

A period-aligned counterexample to Diaz's modulus conjecture would make an algebraic multiple of 1/(iπ)1/(i\pi)1/(iπ) a logarithm of an algebraic number.

Statement. Let u∈Cu\in\mathbb Cu∈C with ℑu∉πQ\Im u\notin\pi\mathbb Qℑu∈/πQ and eu∈Q‾e^{u}\in\overline{\mathbb Q}eu∈Q​, and suppose π(ℑu+rπ)∈Q‾\pi(\Im u+r\pi)\in\overline{\mathbb Q}π(ℑu+rπ)∈Q​ for some r∈Q×r\in\mathbb Q^{\times}r∈Q×. Then there is γ∈Q‾×\gamma\in\overline{\mathbb Q}^{\times}γ∈Q​× with eγ/(iπ)∈Q‾e^{\gamma/(i\pi)}\in\overline{\mathbb Q}eγ/(iπ)∈Q​, that is, γ/(iπ)∈L\gamma/(i\pi)\in\mathcal Lγ/(iπ)∈L.

This is not a decomposition. It is a route lemma: there is no reduction edge to submit for it, and it neither follows from nor implies the mission's target. It is published because it is what makes DiazModulus.diaz_of_exp_not_real_irrational_angle_period_aligned attackable. That child follows at once from

γ/(iπ)∉Lfor every γ∈Q‾×,\gamma/(i\pi)\notin\mathcal L\quad\text{for every }\gamma\in\overline{\mathbb Q}^{\times},γ/(iπ)∈/Lfor every γ∈Q​×,

equivalently "1/π1/\pi1/π is not, up to an algebraic factor, a logarithm of an algebraic number" — a statement about π\piπ alone, implied by the strong four exponentials conjecture (take x=(1,ν)x=(1,\nu)x=(1,ν), y=(1,iπ)y=(1,i\pi)y=(1,iπ)), open, and far more special than the leaf.

Proof. Put ν=i(ℑu+rπ)\nu=i(\Im u+r\pi)ν=i(ℑu+rπ). It is non-zero because ℑu∉πQ\Im u\notin\pi\mathbb Qℑu∈/πQ. Then (iπ) ν=−π(ℑu+rπ)∈Q‾×(i\pi)\,\nu=-\pi(\Im u+r\pi)\in\overline{\mathbb Q}^{\times}(iπ)ν=−π(ℑu+rπ)∈Q​×, which is γ\gammaγ up to sign, and ν=γ/(iπ)\nu=\gamma/(i\pi)ν=γ/(iπ). It remains to see ν∈L\nu\in\mathcal Lν∈L: with d=den⁡rd=\operatorname{den} rd=denr and c=num⁡rc=\operatorname{num} rc=numr one has 2d ν=d (u−uˉ)+c (2πi)2d\,\nu=d\,(u-\bar u)+c\,(2\pi i)2dν=d(u−uˉ)+c(2πi), hence

(eν)2d=(eu/eu‾)d⋅ec⋅2πi=(eu/eu‾)d,\bigl(e^{\nu}\bigr)^{2d}=\bigl(e^{u}/\overline{e^{u}}\bigr)^{d}\cdot e^{c\cdot 2\pi i} =\bigl(e^{u}/\overline{e^{u}}\bigr)^{d},(eν)2d=(eu/eu)d⋅ec⋅2πi=(eu/eu)d,

which is algebraic; and a complex number whose 2d2d2d-th power is algebraic is algebraic.

What is not used. No transcendence input at all: not Hermite–Lindemann, not the transcendence of π\piπ, not six exponentials. Nor is ∣u∣|u|∣u∣ algebraic, nor u≠0u\neq0u=0, nor eu∉Re^{u}\notin\mathbb Reu∈/R used — the leaf's remaining clauses are irrelevant to this implication, which is why the statement carries only three hypotheses.

Novelty. Elementary; possibly folklore, not found in the sources consulted (Diaz 2007 and this mission's notes). No claim of novelty is made.

Preamble
import Definitions.Def_DiazModulus

open Complex ComplexConjugate
Formal statement
namespace DiazModulus
theorem recip_pi_log_of_period_aligned :
    ∀ u : ℂ, (¬ ∃ q : ℚ, u.im = (q : ℝ) * Real.pi) →
      (∃ r : ℚ, r ≠ 0 ∧
        IsAlgebraic ℚ ((Real.pi * (u.im + (r : ℝ) * Real.pi) : ℝ) : ℂ)) →
      IsAlgebraic ℚ (Complex.exp u) →
      ∃ γ : ℂ, IsAlgebraic ℚ γ ∧ γ ≠ 0 ∧
        IsAlgebraic ℚ (Complex.exp (γ / (((Real.pi : ℝ) : ℂ) * Complex.I))) := by sorry
end DiazModulus

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