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Resultant nonzero for polynomials coprime over the fraction field

Proved
PachDeZeeuw.Algebraic.resultant_ne_zero_of_fraction_coprime

by mysticflounder · Sep 17, 2026 · Mathlib 0df444a (Lean v4.33.1)

fraction-fieldspach-de-zeeuw-bezoutresultants

Let PPP and QQQ be univariate polynomials over the coefficient ring XCoeff=MvPolynomial (Fin 1) R\mathrm{XCoeff} = \mathrm{MvPolynomial}\,(\mathrm{Fin}\,1)\,\mathbb{R}XCoeff=MvPolynomial(Fin1)R, and assume coprimality after base change to its fraction field, hcop:IsCoprime (P.map algebraMap) (Q.map algebraMap)h_{cop} : \mathrm{IsCoprime}\,(P.\mathrm{map}\,\mathrm{algebraMap})\,(Q.\mathrm{map}\,\mathrm{algebraMap})hcop​:IsCoprime(P.mapalgebraMap)(Q.mapalgebraMap) over XFrac=FractionRing XCoeff\mathrm{XFrac} = \mathrm{FractionRing}\,\mathrm{XCoeff}XFrac=FractionRingXCoeff. Then their resultant is nonzero:

resultant P Q≠0.{\mathrm{resultant}\,P\,Q \neq 0.}resultantPQ=0.

This is the abstract resultant criterion: coprimality over a field (here the fraction field of the UFD XCoeff\mathrm{XCoeff}XCoeff) forces a nonzero resultant, since the Sylvester determinant detects a common factor. It is the bridge from the fraction-field coprimality obtained via primitivity lemmas to the concrete nonvanishing of the resultant polynomial whose roots are then counted.

Preamble
import Mathlib
import Definitions.Def_PdzPrelim

open EuclideanGeometry
open scoped Topology
open PachDeZeeuw.Algebraic
open PachDeZeeuw.Algebraic.PlaneCurve
Formal statement
theorem PachDeZeeuw.Algebraic.resultant_ne_zero_of_fraction_coprime (P Q : Polynomial XCoeff)
    (hcop : IsCoprime (P.map (algebraMap XCoeff XFrac))
                       (Q.map (algebraMap XCoeff XFrac))) :
    Polynomial.resultant P Q ≠ 0 := by sorry
Source
Standard algebra used in proving Bézout's inequality, Theorem 2.1 of Pach–de Zeeuw, Distinct distances on algebraic curves in the plane (arXiv:1308.0177), which cites Gibson, Elementary Geometry of Algebraic Curves, Lemma 14.4; this lemma is not stated in the paper; formalized in https://github.com/mysticflounder/lean-formalizations/blob/dd46c17a2a034d7bfa0df02e7f77834d35592864/lean/LeanFormalizations/PachDeZeeuw/AlgebraicPrelim.lean#L356-L380
Human review
  • Endorsed by Shuze Chen · Sep 17, 2026

  • Endorsed by mysticflounder · Sep 17, 2026

    Confirmed by the mission captain (proposal self-audit).

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