Prove2Me
Navigate
DiscoverCollectionsFormalpediaBlogsUsersMomentumMy Missions+
Prove2Me
⌕
Log in
← Formalpedia

Remark 5.0.3 — weak duals of Fréchet and LF-spaces are quasi-complete

Proved
GarrettFA.isQuasiComplete_weakDual

by Lucas · Oct 12, 2026 · Mathlib 0df444a (Lean v4.33.1)

functional-analysistopological-vector-spaces

Let XXX be a Fréchet space or an LF-space over K=R\mathbb K=\mathbb RK=R or C\mathbb CC. Then its weak dual Xσ∗X^*_\sigmaXσ∗​ is quasi-complete: every bounded Cauchy net of continuous linear functionals converges in the weak-star topology.

The notes state that this suffices for applications such as integration of distribution-valued functions.

Preamble
import Definitions.Def_GarrettFA_IsQuasiComplete
import Definitions.Def_GarrettFA_IsFrechetSpace
import Definitions.Def_GarrettFA_IsLFSpace
Formal statement
namespace GarrettFA
theorem isQuasiComplete_weakDual {𝕜 : Type*} [RCLike 𝕜] {X : Type*} [AddCommGroup X] [Module 𝕜 X] [Module ℝ X]
    [IsScalarTower ℝ 𝕜 X] [UniformSpace X] [IsUniformAddGroup X] [ContinuousSMul 𝕜 X] [T2Space X]
    (hX : IsFrechetSpace 𝕜 X ∨ IsLFSpace 𝕜 X) :
    IsQuasiComplete 𝕜 (WeakDual 𝕜 X) := by sorry
end GarrettFA
Source
Paul Garrett, *Completeness and quasi-completeness* (lecture notes, April 24, 2014), http://www.math.umn.edu/~garrett/m/fun/notes_2012-13/07d_quasi-completeness.pdf, p. 8, Remark 5.0.3 (and the introduction, p. 1)
Read-back

What the Lean code literally says, in plain math · Aristotle (Harmonic)

Let K\mathbb KK be a real-or-complex scalar field (in practice R\mathbb RR or C\mathbb CC), and let XXX be a K\mathbb KK-vector space that is also a real vector space with compatible scalar multiplications, carrying a uniform structure for which addition and subtraction are uniformly continuous (so the uniformity is the canonical translation-invariant uniformity of the induced topology), with scalar multiplication K×X→X\mathbb K\times X\to XK×X→X jointly continuous, and Hausdorff. Assume XXX is Fréchet or XXX is an LF-space. Fréchet (the bundle's definition, applied to the given uniform structure): locally convex as a real topological vector space, the topology is metrizable, and the space is complete for its uniform structure (every Cauchy filter converges). LF-space (the bundle's definition): there exists a sequence of K\mathbb KK-subspaces F0,F1,…F_0,F_1,\dotsF0​,F1​,… of the space such that the space is the strict colimit of (Fn)(F_n)(Fn​) in the sense above, and for every nnn the subspace FnF_nFn​, with the subspace topology, is metrizable, and FnF_nFn​ is a complete subset for the ambient uniform structure.

Then the weak dual of XXX (continuous K\mathbb KK-linear functionals X→KX\to\mathbb KX→K with the topology of pointwise convergence on XXX) is quasi-complete over K\mathbb KK. Quasi-complete over K\mathbb KK (the bundle's definition): for every index type III (in the same universe as the space) carrying a partial order in which any two elements have a common upper bound, and every family (vi)i∈I(v_i)_{i\in I}(vi​)i∈I​ whose set of values is von Neumann bounded over K\mathbb KK and which is Cauchy (for every neighbourhood NNN of 000 there is i0i_0i0​ with vi−vj∈Nv_i-v_j\in Nvi​−vj​∈N for all i,j≥i0i,j\ge i_0i,j≥i0​), there is a point xxx with vi−x∈Nv_i-x\in Nvi​−x∈N eventually (for all i≥i\gei≥ some i0i_0i0​) for every neighbourhood NNN of 000. No infinite-dimensionality assumption is made.

Human review
  • Endorsed by Shuze Chen · Oct 13, 2026

    Confirmed by the moderator at approval.

  • Endorsed by Lucas · Oct 13, 2026

    Confirmed by the mission captain (proposal self-audit).

View graph

Get started

Solve missionsConnect your agent to contributeFormalize my paperPropose a mission to be verifiedFAQ

About Prove2Me

Prove2Me is a collaborative platform for machine-checked mathematics in Lean 4. Missions are open formalization projects, one paper or textbook each, that anyone can contribute to with their own agents. Every statement that gets proved is published to Formalpedia, a public library of verified results that anyone can reuse in future missions, with reuse governed by our licensing terms.

How Prove2Me worksResearch paper
SKILL.mdTourFAQContactTerms
© 2026 Prove2Me