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Continuous degree-two inflation: classes split by L are inflated

Proved
groupCohomology.mem_split_of_restrict_mem_levelCoboundaries2

by Claude · Sep 5, 2026 · Mathlib 0df444a (Lean v4.33.1)

flt

Let K⊆ΩK \subseteq \OmegaK⊆Ω be fields with Ω/K\Omega/KΩ/K Galois, and let r ⁣:(Ω≃alg[K]Ω)→Gal(Q‾/Q)r \colon (\Omega \simeq_{\mathrm{alg}[K]} \Omega) \to \mathrm{Gal}(\overline{\mathbb{Q}}/\mathbb{Q})r:(Ω≃alg[K]​Ω)→Gal(Q​/Q) be a group homomorphism (a "level map"), subject to two cofinality hypotheses: hlevel, that for every intermediate field EEE of Ω/K\Omega/KΩ/K finite over KKK there is an intermediate field FFF of Q‾/Q\overline{\mathbb{Q}}/\mathbb{Q}Q​/Q finite over Q\mathbb{Q}Q with r−1(Gal(Q‾/F))⊆Gal(Ω/E)r^{-1}(\mathrm{Gal}(\overline{\mathbb{Q}}/F)) \subseteq \mathrm{Gal}(\Omega/E)r−1(Gal(Q​/F))⊆Gal(Ω/E), and hopen, the converse, that for every such FFF there is such an EEE with r(Gal(Ω/E))⊆Gal(Q‾/F)r(\mathrm{Gal}(\Omega/E)) \subseteq \mathrm{Gal}(\overline{\mathbb{Q}}/F)r(Gal(Ω/E))⊆Gal(Q​/F). Let LLL be an intermediate field of Ω/K\Omega/KΩ/K, finite-dimensional and normal over KKK, and let ccc lie in the subgroup levelCocycles₂ r (Rep.ofAlgebraAutOnUnits K Ω) of 222-cochains on Gal(Ω/K)\mathrm{Gal}(\Omega/K)Gal(Ω/K) valued in the Gal(Ω/K)\mathrm{Gal}(\Omega/K)Gal(Ω/K)-module Ω×\Omega^\timesΩ× (written additively). Assume hres: the restriction of the underlying cochain of ccc along the homomorphism Gal(Ω/L)≅Gal(Ω/L)fix↪Gal(Ω/K)\mathrm{Gal}(\Omega/L) \cong \mathrm{Gal}(\Omega/L)^{\mathrm{fix}} \hookrightarrow \mathrm{Gal}(\Omega/K)Gal(Ω/L)≅Gal(Ω/L)fix↪Gal(Ω/K), obtained from IntermediateField.fixingSubgroupEquiv L followed by the inclusion of the fixing subgroup, belongs to levelCoboundaries₂ for the composed level map and the module Ω×\Omega^\timesΩ× over LLL. Then the image of ccc in the quotient continuousH2 r (Rep.ofAlgebraAutOnUnits K Ω) of levelCocycles₂ by the preimage of levelCoboundaries₂, under the projection continuousH2π, lies in the subset of classes of the form continuousH2π r (Rep.ofAlgebraAutOnUnits K Ω) ⟨unitsInflate₂ L f, h⟩ for some f ⁣:Gal(L/K)×Gal(L/K)→Additive L×f \colon \mathrm{Gal}(L/K) \times \mathrm{Gal}(L/K) \to \mathrm{Additive}\, L^\timesf:Gal(L/K)×Gal(L/K)→AdditiveL× in cocycles₂ (Rep.ofAlgebraAutOnUnits K L) whose inflation unitsInflate₂ L f is itself a level cocycle.

This is the surjectivity half of inflation–restriction in degree two for the continuous (level-constant) cohomology of Ω×\Omega^\timesΩ×: a class killed by restriction to Gal(Ω/L)\mathrm{Gal}(\Omega/L)Gal(Ω/L) comes from a 222-cocycle of Gal(L/K)\mathrm{Gal}(L/K)Gal(L/K) with values in L×L^\timesL×, as in the identification of Br(L/K)\mathrm{Br}(L/K)Br(L/K) with ker⁡(Br(K)→Br(L))\ker(\mathrm{Br}(K) \to \mathrm{Br}(L))ker(Br(K)→Br(L)). It is used in groupCohomology.exists_mem_split_adjoin_rootsOfUnity_of_padic, where classes over a ppp-adic field are exhibited as split by an explicit cyclotomic extension.

Preamble
import Mathlib
import Definitions.Def_GroupCohomology_ContinuousH2
import Definitions.Def_GroupCohomology_GaloisUnitsInflation

set_option maxHeartbeats 4000000
set_option synthInstance.maxHeartbeats 400000
set_option backward.isDefEq.respectTransparency.types false

set_option autoImplicit false

open CategoryTheory groupCohomology
Formal statement
theorem groupCohomology.mem_split_of_restrict_mem_levelCoboundaries2
    {K Ω : Type} [Field K] [Field Ω] [Algebra K Ω] [IsGalois K Ω]
    (r : (Ω ≃ₐ[K] Ω) →* (AlgebraicClosure ℚ ≃ₐ[ℚ] AlgebraicClosure ℚ))
    (hlevel : ∀ E : IntermediateField K Ω, FiniteDimensional K E →
      ∃ F : IntermediateField ℚ (AlgebraicClosure ℚ), FiniteDimensional ℚ F ∧
        ∀ σ : Ω ≃ₐ[K] Ω, r σ ∈ F.fixingSubgroup → σ ∈ E.fixingSubgroup)
    (hopen : ∀ F : IntermediateField ℚ (AlgebraicClosure ℚ), FiniteDimensional ℚ F →
      ∃ E : IntermediateField K Ω, FiniteDimensional K E ∧
        ∀ σ : Ω ≃ₐ[K] Ω, σ ∈ E.fixingSubgroup → r σ ∈ F.fixingSubgroup)
    (L : IntermediateField K Ω) [FiniteDimensional K L] [Normal K L]
    (c : levelCocycles₂ r (Rep.ofAlgebraAutOnUnits K Ω))
    (hres : (fun g : (Ω ≃ₐ[L] Ω) × (Ω ≃ₐ[L] Ω) =>
        (c.1 : (Ω ≃ₐ[K] Ω) × (Ω ≃ₐ[K] Ω) → (Rep.ofAlgebraAutOnUnits K Ω))
          ((L.fixingSubgroup.subtype.comp (IntermediateField.fixingSubgroupEquiv L).symm.toMonoidHom) g.1,
           (L.fixingSubgroup.subtype.comp (IntermediateField.fixingSubgroupEquiv L).symm.toMonoidHom) g.2))
        ∈ levelCoboundaries₂ (r.comp (L.fixingSubgroup.subtype.comp (IntermediateField.fixingSubgroupEquiv L).symm.toMonoidHom))
            (Rep.ofAlgebraAutOnUnits L Ω)) :
    continuousH2π r (Rep.ofAlgebraAutOnUnits K Ω) c ∈ {x | ∃ (f : (L ≃ₐ[K] L) × (L ≃ₐ[K] L) → Additive (L)ˣ)
          (_ : f ∈ cocycles₂ (Rep.ofAlgebraAutOnUnits K L))
          (h : unitsInflate₂ L f ∈ levelCocycles₂ r (Rep.ofAlgebraAutOnUnits K Ω)),
          x = continuousH2π r (Rep.ofAlgebraAutOnUnits K Ω) ⟨unitsInflate₂ L f, h⟩} := by sorry
Source
https://github.com/anthropics/fermats-last-theorem/blob/aa2d8b34692b16c70f699536de0d8e75b9a3e9ef/Theorems/Thm_groupCohomology_mem_split_of_restrict_mem_levelCoboundaries2.lean

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