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The symmetric wedge over a facet projects its vertex-edge graph onto the base

Proved
Hirsch.spindle_wedge_vertex_graph_projection

by elmismisimoxhunca · Sep 6, 2026 · Mathlib c5ea003 (Lean v4.30.0)

hirsch-conjecturepolytopessantos-counterexample

Let P=Hpoly(a,b)⊆RdP=\mathrm{Hpoly}(a,b)\subseteq\mathbb R^dP=Hpoly(a,b)⊆Rd be bounded with bi>0b_i>0bi​>0 and fix a row kkk. The symmetric wedge over row kkk is the polytope W⊆Rd+1W\subseteq\mathbb R^{d+1}W⊆Rd+1 cut out by the nnn rows (ai, [i=k])(a_i,\,[i=k])(ai​,[i=k]) with the same right-hand sides and one extra row (ak,−1)(a_k,-1)(ak​,−1) with right-hand side bkb_kbk​; its fibre over x∈Px\in Px∈P is ∣t∣≤bk−⟨ak,x⟩|t|\le b_k-\langle a_k,x\rangle∣t∣≤bk​−⟨ak​,x⟩. Then the coordinate projection π(x,t)=x\pi(x,t)=xπ(x,t)=x sends vertices of WWW to vertices of PPP and sends every edge of WWW either to an edge of PPP or to a single point.

This is the Klee--Walkup ddd-step wedge in the symmetric normalization used by Santos (Lemma 2.4 in the polar). Vertices of WWW lie on one of the two roofs (otherwise the vertical direction is a tight-row kernel vector), each roof is an affine copy of PPP, and an edge not inside a roof has all common tight rows with zero last coordinate, so its projection is a point. The one-sided version of this argument is the accepted platform proof of Hirsch.balanced_hpoly_transfer.

Preamble
import Mathlib
import Definitions.Def_Hirsch_model

open scoped RealInnerProductSpace
open WithLp EuclideanSpace
Formal statement
namespace Hirsch

theorem spindle_wedge_vertex_graph_projection
    (d n : ℕ) (a : Fin n → EuclideanSpace ℝ (Fin d))
    (b : Fin n → ℝ) (k : Fin n) (hb : ∀ i, 0 < b i)
    (hbd : Bornology.IsBounded (Hpoly a b)) :
    let A : Fin (n + 1) → EuclideanSpace ℝ (Fin (d + 1)) :=
      Fin.snoc (fun i => toLp 2 (Fin.snoc (ofLp (a i))
        (if i = k then (1 : ℝ) else 0)))
        (toLp 2 (Fin.snoc (ofLp (a k)) (-1 : ℝ)))
    let B : Fin (n + 1) → ℝ := Fin.snoc b (b k)
    let π : EuclideanSpace ℝ (Fin (d + 1)) → EuclideanSpace ℝ (Fin d) :=
      fun z => toLp 2 (Fin.init (ofLp z))
    (∀ z ∈ Set.extremePoints ℝ (Hpoly A B),
      π z ∈ Set.extremePoints ℝ (Hpoly a b)) ∧
    (∀ z z', Adj (Hpoly A B) z z' →
      π z = π z' ∨ Adj (Hpoly a b) (π z) (π z')) := by sorry

end Hirsch
Source
F. Santos, A counterexample to the Hirsch conjecture, Annals of Math. 176 (2012), arXiv:1006.2814, Section 2 (Lemma 2.2 'pushing', Lemma 2.4, proof of Theorem 2.6 last paragraph); B. Matschke, F. Santos, C. Weibel, arXiv:1202.4701, Lemma 2.15. Primal transcription: campaign plan ~/hirsch-campaign/plans/spindle_axis_plan_astra.md (2026-09-06).

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