Residue field at a maximal ideal as a finite separable extension
Provedexists_residueField_of_isMaximal_of_finiteDimensionalLet be a field of characteristic zero, let be a commutative ring equipped with an -algebra structure which is finite-dimensional as an -vector space, and let be an ideal of that is maximal. Then there exist a type in the same universe as , a field structure on , an -algebra structure on making finite-dimensional over and separable over (in the sense of Mathlib's Algebra.IsSeparable, i.e. every element of has separable minimal polynomial over ), and an -algebra homomorphism such that is surjective and, for every , one has if and only if . The field , its instances and the map are all packaged inside a single existential statement, so that no structure on a quotient ring need be produced by the user of the statement.
This is the standard fact that the residue field of a finite-dimensional commutative algebra over a field of characteristic zero at a maximal ideal is a finite separable extension, stated with the residue field and the reduction map bundled existentially. It is used in the analysis of the rational Tate module of a modular curve, in ModularCurve.rationalTateModule_false_of_inertia_fixed_eigenplane, where one passes from a Hecke algebra over to its residue field at a maximal ideal.
import Mathlib set_option maxHeartbeats 4000000 set_option synthInstance.maxHeartbeats 400000 set_option backward.isDefEq.respectTransparency.types false universe u v
theorem exists_residueField_of_isMaximal_of_finiteDimensional
(F : Type u) [Field F] [CharZero F]
(A : Type v) [CommRing A] [Algebra F A] [FiniteDimensional F A]
(𝔪 : Ideal A) (h𝔪 : 𝔪.IsMaximal) :
∃ (K : Type v) (_ : Field K) (_ : Algebra F K) (_ : FiniteDimensional F K) (_ : Algebra.IsSeparable F K)
(θ : A →ₐ[F] K), Function.Surjective θ ∧ ∀ a : A, θ a = 0 ↔ a ∈ 𝔪 := by sorry