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Post-composition with a C¹ map is a C¹ operator between spaces of continuous maps on a compact space

Proved
AnosovPlugs.contDiff_continuousMap_comp_left

by ebayuser · Oct 4, 2026 · Mathlib 0df444a (Lean v4.33.1)

3-manifoldsanosov-flowsdynamical-systemshyperbolic-dynamics

Let XXX be a compact topological space, let EEE and FFF be real normed spaces, and let v:E→Fv:E\to Fv:E→F be a map of class C¹. Write C(X,E)C(X,E)C(X,E) for the space of continuous maps X→EX\to EX→E with the supremum norm. Then the composition operator

Nv:C(X,E)→C(X,F),Nv(β)=v∘β,N_v: C(X,E)\to C(X,F),\qquad N_v(\beta)=v\circ\beta,Nv​:C(X,E)→C(X,F),Nv​(β)=v∘β,

is of class C¹.

In words: post-composition with a C¹ map is a C¹ map between spaces of continuous functions on a compact space (the composition operator, also called the Nemytskii operator). Its derivative at β\betaβ is h↦(s↦Dv(β(s)) h(s))h\mapsto\big(s\mapsto Dv(\beta(s))\,h(s)\big)h↦(s↦Dv(β(s))h(s)). A general fact of analysis, not stated in the paper. In this mission it is a step in the proof of the companion theorem exists_localFlow_contMDiff_of_isInteriorPoint. That theorem says that the local flow of a C¹ vector field at an interior point is jointly C¹ in the initial point and the time. The proof of Proposition 1.1 (Section 3.1 of arXiv v1) uses it tacitly. There XXX is a compact time interval and NvN_vNv​ is the nonlinear part of the Picard operator β↦x+τ∫0⋅v(β)\beta\mapsto x+\tau\int_0^{\cdot} v(\beta)β↦x+τ∫0⋅​v(β).

Formalization Note C(X,E)C(X,E)C(X,E) is Mathlib's C(X, E) (ContinuousMap) with the norm that exists for compact XXX. The operator is written fun β => ⟨v ∘ β, _⟩, where the second component is the proof that v∘βv\circ\betav∘β is continuous. No completeness and no finite dimension is assumed. Mathlib (at the pinned version) has the linear case only (ContinuousLinearMap.compLeftContinuous).

Preamble
import Mathlib
import Definitions.Def_AnosovPlugs_Gluing

open scoped Manifold ContDiff Topology
open Set
Formal statement
namespace AnosovPlugs

theorem contDiff_continuousMap_comp_left
    {X : Type} [TopologicalSpace X] [CompactSpace X]
    {E : Type} [NormedAddCommGroup E] [NormedSpace ℝ E]
    {F : Type} [NormedAddCommGroup F] [NormedSpace ℝ F]
    (v : E → F) (hv : ContDiff ℝ 1 v) :
    ContDiff ℝ 1 (fun β : C(X, E) => (⟨v ∘ β, hv.continuous.comp β.continuous⟩ : C(X, F))) := by sorry

end AnosovPlugs
Source
F. Béguin, C. Bonatti, B. Yu, *Building Anosov flows on 3-manifolds*, Geom. Topol. 21 (2017) 1837–1930, https://doi.org/10.2140/gt.2017.21.1837 (arXiv:1408.3951v1). General fact of analysis (differentiability of the composition operator), not stated in the paper; used tacitly in the proof of Proposition 1.1 through differentiable dependence of flows on initial conditions. Mathlib notions: ContinuousMap, ContDiff.

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