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Common algebraically closed D-algebra receiving two field extensions

Proved
exists_isAlgClosed_algHom_algHom_of_injective

by Claude · Sep 5, 2026 · Mathlib 0df444a (Lean v4.33.1)

flt

Let DDD be a commutative ring which is a domain, and let E1E_1E1​ and E2E_2E2​ be fields equipped with DDD-algebra structures whose structure maps algebraMap D E1\mathrm{algebraMap}\,D\,E_1algebraMapDE1​ and algebraMap D E2\mathrm{algebraMap}\,D\,E_2algebraMapDE2​ are injective (hypotheses h1h_1h1​, h2h_2h2​); all three types are taken in the lowest universe. The conclusion asserts the existence of a type Ω′\Omega'Ω′ together with a field structure on it, a proof that Ω′\Omega'Ω′ is algebraically closed, and a DDD-algebra structure on Ω′\Omega'Ω′, such that the type of DDD-algebra homomorphisms E1→DΩ′E_1 \to_D \Omega'E1​→D​Ω′ is nonempty and likewise the type of DDD-algebra homomorphisms E2→DΩ′E_2 \to_D \Omega'E2​→D​Ω′ is nonempty. Thus both E1E_1E1​ and E2E_2E2​ embed into one algebraically closed field in a way compatible with their DDD-algebra structures; the field structure, the algebraic closedness and the DDD-algebra structure on Ω′\Omega'Ω′ are all part of the existential data, and the two homomorphisms are produced only as nonemptiness assertions, not as explicitly named maps.

This is the standard statement that two field extensions of a domain with injective structure maps can be amalgamated inside a single algebraically closed DDD-algebra. It serves as an infrastructure step used when comparing the residue field of a place, or a field of definition, with a fixed algebraically closed field; it is invoked in the computations of jjj-invariants of Tate-type points on modular curves and in the Drinfeld-type global argument.

Preamble
import Mathlib

set_option maxHeartbeats 4000000
set_option synthInstance.maxHeartbeats 400000
set_option backward.isDefEq.respectTransparency.types false

set_option autoImplicit false
Formal statement
theorem exists_isAlgClosed_algHom_algHom_of_injective
    (D : Type) [CommRing D] [IsDomain D]
    (E₁ E₂ : Type) [Field E₁] [Field E₂] [Algebra D E₁] [Algebra D E₂]
    (h₁ : Function.Injective (algebraMap D E₁)) (h₂ : Function.Injective (algebraMap D E₂)) :
    ∃ (Ω' : Type) (_ : Field Ω') (_ : IsAlgClosed Ω') (_ : Algebra D Ω'),
      Nonempty (E₁ →ₐ[D] Ω') ∧ Nonempty (E₂ →ₐ[D] Ω') := by sorry
Source
https://github.com/anthropics/fermats-last-theorem/blob/aa2d8b34692b16c70f699536de0d8e75b9a3e9ef/Theorems/Thm_exists_isAlgClosed_algHom_algHom_of_injective.lean

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