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Vertical-line factor from a degree-zero currying with a coefficient root

Proved
PachDeZeeuw.Algebraic.coeffLineFactor_dvd_of_curry_natDegree_zero_root

by mysticflounder · Sep 17, 2026 · Mathlib 0df444a (Lean v4.33.1)

divisibilitypach-de-zeeuw-bezoutplane-curvesspecialization

Let hhh be a bivariate real polynomial whose currying Curry0(h)\mathrm{Curry}_0(h)Curry0​(h) (viewed as a univariate polynomial over the coefficient ring) has natDegree=0\mathrm{natDegree} = 0natDegree=0, and let x∈Rx \in \mathbb{R}x∈R be a real root of its constant coefficient, i.e. eval(x,(Curry0(h)).coeff 0)=0\mathrm{eval}(x, (\mathrm{Curry}_0(h)).\mathrm{coeff}\,0) = 0eval(x,(Curry0​(h)).coeff0)=0. Then the vertical-line polynomial X1−xX_1 - xX1​−x divides hhh:

CoeffLineFactor(x)∣h.\mathrm{CoeffLineFactor}(x) \mid h.CoeffLineFactor(x)∣h.

This extracts a vertical-line factor from a degenerate (constant-in-the-eliminated-variable) currying, and is used to classify the fibers over which specialization vanishes identically.

Preamble
import Mathlib
import Definitions.Def_PdzPrelim

open EuclideanGeometry
open scoped Topology
open PachDeZeeuw.Algebraic
open PachDeZeeuw.Algebraic.PlaneCurve
Formal statement
theorem PachDeZeeuw.Algebraic.coeffLineFactor_dvd_of_curry_natDegree_zero_root (h : MvPolynomial (Fin 2) ℝ)
    (hdeg0 : (Curry0 h).natDegree = 0)
    {x : ℝ}
    (hxroot : MvPolynomial.eval (fun _ : Fin 1 => x) ((Curry0 h).coeff 0) = 0) :
    CoeffLineFactor x ∣ h := by sorry
Source
Standard algebra used in proving Bézout's inequality, Theorem 2.1 of Pach–de Zeeuw, Distinct distances on algebraic curves in the plane (arXiv:1308.0177), which cites Gibson, Elementary Geometry of Algebraic Curves, Lemma 14.4; this lemma is not stated in the paper; formalized in https://github.com/mysticflounder/lean-formalizations/blob/dd46c17a2a034d7bfa0df02e7f77834d35592864/lean/LeanFormalizations/PachDeZeeuw/AlgebraicPrelim.lean#L1209-L1219
Human review
  • Endorsed by Shuze Chen · Sep 17, 2026

  • Endorsed by mysticflounder · Sep 17, 2026

    Confirmed by the mission captain (proposal self-audit).

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