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Exponential decay of the normal component of a nondegenerate end in tube coordinates

Proved
FiniteEnergyPlane.exists_expDecay_tubeNormal

by Mazecto · Oct 29, 2026 · Mathlib 0df444a (Lean v4.33.1)

asymptotic-analysispseudoholomorphic-curvesreeb-dynamicssymplectization

Let S=H−1(1)⊂R2n+2S=H^{-1}(1)\subset\mathbb{R}^{2n+2}S=H−1(1)⊂R2n+2 be a strictly star-shaped level with contact planes ξ\xiξ, JJJ a smooth dλ0d\lambda_0dλ0​-compatible complex structure on ξ\xiξ, uuu a finite-energy J~\tilde JJ~-holomorphic curve on D∖{0}D\setminus\{0\}D∖{0} and P=(x,T)P=(x,T)P=(x,T) a periodic Reeb orbit, ε=±1\varepsilon=\pm1ε=±1, c∈Rc\in\mathbb{R}c∈R. In the cylindrical coordinates e−2π(s+it)e^{-2\pi(s+it)}e−2π(s+it) at 000 write a(s,t)a(s,t)a(s,t) for the symplectization coordinate and w(s,t)∈Sw(s,t)\in Sw(s,t)∈S for the radial projection of uuu. Suppose that for s≥s0s\ge s_0s≥s0​

w(s,t)=proj(x(τ(s,t))+h(s,t)),h(s,t)∈ξx(τ(s,t)),w(s,t)=\mathrm{proj}\big(x(\tau(s,t))+h(s,t)\big),\qquad h(s,t)\in\xi_{x(\tau(s,t))},w(s,t)=proj(x(τ(s,t))+h(s,t)),h(s,t)∈ξx(τ(s,t))​,

with τ(s,t+1)=τ(s,t)+εT\tau(s,t+1)=\tau(s,t)+\varepsilon Tτ(s,t+1)=τ(s,t)+εT and h(s,t+1)=h(s,t)h(s,t+1)=h(s,t)h(s,t+1)=h(s,t), where τ(s,t)−εTt−c→0\tau(s,t)-\varepsilon Tt-c\to0τ(s,t)−εTt−c→0 and h→0h\to0h→0 in C∞C^\inftyC∞, uniformly in ttt, as s→+∞s\to+\inftys→+∞. If PPP is nondegenerate, then hhh decays exponentially: there are δ>0\delta>0δ>0, CCC and s1s_1s1​ with ∥h(s,t)∥≤Ce−δs\|h(s,t)\|\le Ce^{-\delta s}∥h(s,t)∥≤Ce−δs for all s≥s1s\ge s_1s≥s1​ and all ttt.

This is the C0C^0C0 exponential decay of the normal part of an asymptotically cylindrical end at a nondegenerate orbit (Wendl, Proposition 6.7.1).

Formalization Note proj H is the radial projection onto SSS, IsInXi H x v means v∈ξx=ker⁡λ0(x)∩ker⁡dH(x)v\in\xi_x=\ker\lambda_0(x)\cap\ker dH(x)v∈ξx​=kerλ0​(x)∩kerdH(x), and C∞C^\inftyC∞ convergence is TendstoZeroCInfty (smooth on some (s0,∞)×R(s_0,\infty)\times\mathbb{R}(s0​,∞)×R, every derivative tends to 000 uniformly in ttt). aaa and www are endA H u cylEnd and endW H u cylEnd; norms on V=R2n+2V=\mathbb{R}^{2n+2}V=R2n+2 are sup norms.

Preamble
import Definitions.Def_FiniteEnergyPlane_Asymptotics
Formal statement
namespace FiniteEnergyPlane

open MeasureTheory Metric Filter Topology
open scoped ContDiff ENNReal Real

/-- Let `u` be a finite-energy `J̃`-holomorphic curve on `D \ {0}` and `P = (x, T)` a nondegenerate
periodic Reeb orbit. Suppose that, in the cylindrical coordinates `cylEnd` at `0` and for `s ≥ s₀`,
`w = proj H (x(τ) + h)` with `h ∈ ξ_{x(τ)}`, `τ(s, t + 1) = τ(s, t) + εT` and `h` `1`-periodic,
where `τ(s, t) - εTt - c → 0` and `h → 0` in `C^∞`. Then the normal component `h` decays
exponentially: `‖h(s, t)‖ ≤ C e^{-δs}` for some `δ > 0`. -/
theorem exists_expDecay_tubeNormal {n : ℕ} (H : V n → ℝ) (hH : IsStrictlyStarShapedLevel H)
    (J : V n → V n →L[ℝ] V n) (hJ : IsCompatibleXiStructure H J) (u : ℂ → V n)
    (hu : IsFiniteEnergyCurve H J (ball 0 1 \ {0}) u) (P : ReebOrbit H) (hP : P.IsNondegenerate)
    (ε : ℝ) (hε : ε = 1 ∨ ε = -1) (c : ℝ) (τ : ℝ × ℝ → ℝ) (h : ℝ × ℝ → V n) (s₀ : ℝ)
    (hτ : TendstoZeroCInfty (fun p : ℝ × ℝ => τ p - ε * P.T * p.2 - c))
    (hh : TendstoZeroCInfty h)
    (hrep : ∀ s ≥ s₀, ∀ t : ℝ,
      τ (s, t + 1) = τ (s, t) + ε * P.T ∧ h (s, t + 1) = h (s, t) ∧
        IsInXi H (P.x (τ (s, t))) (h (s, t)) ∧
        endW H u cylEnd (s, t) = proj H (P.x (τ (s, t)) + h (s, t))) :
    ∃ δ > 0, ∃ C s₁ : ℝ, ∀ s ≥ s₁, ∀ t : ℝ, ‖h (s, t)‖ ≤ C * Real.exp (-(δ * s)) := by
  sorry

end FiniteEnergyPlane
Source
U. Hryniewicz, J. Symplectic Geom. 12 (2014), arXiv:1105.2077, Theorem 2.10; H. Hofer, K. Wysocki, E. Zehnder, Properties of pseudoholomorphic curves in symplectisations I: asymptotics, Ann. Inst. H. Poincaré Anal. Non Linéaire 13 (1996); C. Wendl, Lectures on Symplectic Field Theory (2026 notes), Proposition 6.7.1

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