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Multiplication by a continuous matrix loop preserves L2(S1,R2n)L^2(S^1,\mathbb{R}^{2n})L2(S1,R2n)

Proved
AsymptoticOperator.exists_coeff_eq_coeffMul

by Mazecto · Oct 10, 2026 · Mathlib 0df444a (Lean v4.33.1)

asymptotic-operatorconley-zehnder-indexfourier-seriesunbounded-operator

Let S1=R/ZS^1=\mathbb R/\mathbb ZS1=R/Z with its Haar probability measure and let Ln2=L2(S1,R2n)L^2_n=L^2(S^1,\mathbb R^{2n})Ln2​=L2(S1,R2n). For f∈Ln2f\in L^2_nf∈Ln2​ and k∈Zk\in\mathbb Zk∈Z let f^k=∫S1e−2πiktf(t) dt∈C2n\hat f_k=\int_{S^1}e^{-2\pi ikt}f(t)\,dt\in\mathbb C^{2n}f^​k​=∫S1​e−2πiktf(t)dt∈C2n be its kkk-th Fourier coefficient, computed componentwise after viewing the real entries of fff as complex numbers.

Let S:S1→R2n×2nS:S^1\to\mathbb R^{2n\times2n}S:S1→R2n×2n be continuous (no symmetry is assumed) and f∈Ln2f\in L^2_nf∈Ln2​. Then there is m∈Ln2m\in L^2_nm∈Ln2​ with m^k=(Sf)k∧\hat m_k=(Sf)^\wedge_km^k​=(Sf)k∧​ for every k∈Zk\in\mathbb Zk∈Z, where (Sf)k∧=∫S1e−2πiktS(t)f(t) dt(Sf)^\wedge_k=\int_{S^1}e^{-2\pi ikt}S(t)f(t)\,dt(Sf)k∧​=∫S1​e−2πiktS(t)f(t)dt.

In other words, multiplication by a continuous matrix loop maps L2(S1,R2n)L^2(S^1,\mathbb R^{2n})L2(S1,R2n) into itself. This is the zeroth-order term of the asymptotic operator AS=−J0∂t−SA_S=-J_0\partial_t-SAS​=−J0​∂t​−S.

Formalization note: L2 n, coeff and coeffMul come from the definition module AsymptoticOperator_Setting; L2 n is Lp (EuclideanSpace ℝ (Fin n ⊕ Fin n)) 2 over UnitAddCircle with AddCircle.haarAddCircle, coeff m k is m^k\hat m_km^k​ and coeffMul S f k is (Sf)k∧(Sf)^\wedge_k(Sf)k∧​, with S(t)S(t)S(t) applied to the complexified vector f(t)f(t)f(t).

Preamble
import Definitions.Def_AsymptoticOperator_Setting
Formal statement
namespace AsymptoticOperator

open ConleyZehnder

/-- For a continuous loop `S` of matrices and `f ∈ L²(S¹, ℝ²ⁿ)`, the product `t ↦ S(t) f(t)`
is again in `L²`: some element of `L²` has Fourier coefficients `(S f)^ₖ` for every `k`. -/
theorem exists_coeff_eq_coeffMul {n : ℕ} (S : C(UnitAddCircle, Mat n)) (f : L2 n) :
    ∃ m : L2 n, ∀ k : ℤ, coeff m k = coeffMul S f k := by sorry

end AsymptoticOperator
Source
Wendl, Lectures on Symplectic Field Theory, arXiv:1612.01009, https://arxiv.org/abs/1612.01009, §3.2, equation (3.4)

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