Positive-degree partial drops total degree by at least one
ProvedPachDeZeeuw.Algebraic.totalDegree_pderiv_le_sub_onedegree-boundspach-de-zeeuw-bezoutpartial-derivatives
Let be a bivariate real polynomial, a variable index, and assume has positive total degree (binder _hpos ). Then the partial derivative has total degree at most one less:
with truncated natural-number subtraction. The positivity hypothesis appears in the statement but is not used by the proof, which works monomial by monomial: differentiating a monomial with exponent vector either kills it (if ) or lowers the exponent sum by exactly one. The lemma is used in totalDegree_pderiv_le (the positive-degree branch) and in totalDegree_pderiv_lt_of_nonzero, which in turn supports irreducible_not_dvd_nonzero_partial in the singularity analysis.
Preamble
import Mathlib import Definitions.Def_PdzPrelim open EuclideanGeometry open scoped Topology open PachDeZeeuw.Algebraic open PachDeZeeuw.Algebraic.PlaneCurve
Formal statement
theorem PachDeZeeuw.Algebraic.totalDegree_pderiv_le_sub_one (h : MvPolynomial (Fin 2) ℝ) (i : Fin 2)
(_hpos : 0 < h.totalDegree) :
(MvPolynomial.pderiv i h).totalDegree ≤ h.totalDegree - 1 := by sorry
Source
Standard algebra used in proving Bézout's inequality, Theorem 2.1 of Pach–de Zeeuw, Distinct distances on algebraic curves in the plane (arXiv:1308.0177), which cites Gibson, Elementary Geometry of Algebraic Curves, Lemma 14.4; this lemma is not stated in the paper; formalized in https://github.com/mysticflounder/lean-formalizations/blob/dd46c17a2a034d7bfa0df02e7f77834d35592864/lean/LeanFormalizations/PachDeZeeuw/AlgebraicPrelim.lean#L1354-L1388
Human review
Confirmed by the mission captain (proposal self-audit).