Nonsingular point with forces infinite zero set
ProvedPachDeZeeuw.Algebraic.nonsingular_point_has_infinite_zeroSet_of_partial0implicit-function-theorempach-de-zeeuw-bezoutsingularities
Let be a plane polynomial (), a point of the plane with , and suppose the partial derivative in the first variable does not vanish at :
Then the zero set of is infinite:
This is one of the two nonsingularity-implies-infinite-curve lemmas (here for ). The underlying tool is the smooth (, ContDiff) implicit function theorem, invoked through ContDiffAt.implicitFunction: a point where a partial derivative is nonzero lies on a locally graphed segment of the curve, so the curve is infinite. The case is obtained from the case by renaming the two variables of with the swap and moving points with . It supports the fact that a finite real zero set consists entirely of singular points, which is needed to count singularities of irreducible curves.
Preamble
import Mathlib import Definitions.Def_PdzBezout import Definitions.Def_PdzPrelim open EuclideanGeometry open scoped Topology open PachDeZeeuw.Algebraic open PachDeZeeuw.Algebraic.PlaneCurve
Formal statement
theorem PachDeZeeuw.Algebraic.nonsingular_point_has_infinite_zeroSet_of_partial0 (h : PlanePoly) {z : Point2}
(hz : z ∈ PlaneCurveZeroSet h)
(hnonsing :
MvPolynomial.eval (fun i => z i) (MvPolynomial.pderiv (0 : Fin 2) h) ≠ 0) :
(PlaneCurveZeroSet h).Infinite := by sorry
Source
Standard algebra used in proving Bézout's inequality, Theorem 2.1 of Pach–de Zeeuw, Distinct distances on algebraic curves in the plane (arXiv:1308.0177), which cites Gibson, Elementary Geometry of Algebraic Curves, Lemma 14.4; this lemma is not stated in the paper; formalized in https://github.com/mysticflounder/lean-formalizations/blob/dd46c17a2a034d7bfa0df02e7f77834d35592864/lean/LeanFormalizations/PachDeZeeuw/Bezout.lean#L666-L728
Human review
Confirmed by the mission captain (proposal self-audit).