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An admissible tail supplies a permitted digit after a matching reference prefix

Proved
Freiman.background_first_difference_candidate

by tp · Sep 9, 2026 · Mathlib 0df444a (Lean v4.33.1)

continued-fractionsmarkov-spectrumnumber-theory

After an initial segment agreeing with the reference word, an admissible tail follows an allowed automaton transition. At an odd zero-based position, digit four is excluded because the previous reference digit is one and 14 is forbidden.

Preamble
import Definitions.Def_Freiman_backgroundWords
Formal statement
namespace Freiman

theorem background_first_difference_candidate (r : Bool) (b : ℕ → ℕ+)
    (hb : ∀ n : ℕ, (b n : ℕ) ≤ 4)
    (h14 : OneSidedAvoidsBlock b [1,4])
    (ha : BackgroundAllowed (backgroundReferenceState r) b)
    (n : ℕ) (hp : ∀ k : ℕ, k < n → b k = backgroundReference r k)
    (hs : backgroundRun (backgroundReferenceState r)
      ((List.range n).map (backgroundReference r)) = some (backgroundPhaseState r n)) :
    BackgroundCandidate r n (b n) := by
  sorry

end Freiman
Source
Freiman's Hall ray: Proof report and corrected English text, 8 September 2026, §1.4, Lemma 1.7 and its proof, printed pp. 11–12.

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