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The ξ\xiξ-part of ∂su\partial_s u∂s​u vanishes exactly where the dλd\lambdadλ-density vanishes

Proved
FiniteEnergyPlane.piDs_ne_zero_iff_dlambdaDensity_pos

by Mazecto · Nov 3, 2026 · Mathlib 0df444a (Lean v4.33.1)

pseudoholomorphic-curvesreeb-dynamicssymplectization

Let S=H−1(1)⊂R4S=H^{-1}(1)\subset\mathbb{R}^4S=H−1(1)⊂R4 be a strictly star-shaped level with Liouville form λ0\lambda_0λ0​, Reeb field RRR and contact structure ξ=ker⁡λ0∣TS\xi=\ker\lambda_0|_{TS}ξ=kerλ0​∣TS​, let JJJ be a dλ0d\lambda_0dλ0​-compatible complex structure on ξ\xiξ, and J~\tilde JJ~ the induced almost complex structure on R4∖{0}≅R×S\mathbb{R}^4\setminus\{0\}\cong\mathbb{R}\times SR4∖{0}≅R×S. Let U⊂CU\subset\mathbb{C}U⊂C be open and u:U→R4∖{0}u:U\to\mathbb{R}^4\setminus\{0\}u:U→R4∖{0} be J~\tilde JJ~-holomorphic, with w=pr∘u:U→Sw=\mathrm{pr}\circ u:U\to Sw=pr∘u:U→S. Then for every z∈Uz\in Uz∈U,

π ∂sw(z)≠0  ⟺  ω0(∂sw(z),∂tw(z))>0,\pi\,\partial_s w(z)\neq 0\iff \omega_0\big(\partial_s w(z),\partial_t w(z)\big)>0,π∂s​w(z)=0⟺ω0​(∂s​w(z),∂t​w(z))>0,

where π:TS→ξ\pi:TS\to\xiπ:TS→ξ is the projection along RRR, and π ∂sw(z)\pi\,\partial_s w(z)π∂s​w(z) is read in Hryniewicz's global frame of ξ\xiξ.

So the zeros of π∂su\pi\partial_s uπ∂s​u are exactly the points where the integrand u∗dλu^*d\lambdau∗dλ vanishes, and elsewhere this integrand is positive. This lets statements about the dλd\lambdadλ-density be transferred to the section π∂su\pi\partial_s uπ∂s​u and back.

Formalization Note R4\mathbb{R}^4R4 is V 1, J~\tilde JJ~ is Jtilde H J, w=w=w= proj H ∘ u; π∂sw\pi\partial_s wπ∂s​w in the global frame is piDs H u z (a complex number, xiCoordC), and ω0(∂sw,∂tw)\omega_0(\partial_s w,\partial_t w)ω0​(∂s​w,∂t​w) is dlambdaDensity H u z. The hypotheses only ask that uuu avoid 000 and be J~\tilde JJ~-holomorphic on the open set UUU (no energy bound).

Preamble
import Definitions.Def_FiniteEnergyPlane_Winding
Formal statement
namespace FiniteEnergyPlane

open MeasureTheory Metric Filter Topology
open scoped ContDiff ENNReal Real

/-- At a point `z` of an open set `U` on which `u` avoids `0` and is `J̃`-holomorphic, the
`ξ`-component `π ∂ₛu(z)` is nonzero exactly when the `dλ`-density of `u` at `z` is positive. -/
theorem piDs_ne_zero_iff_dlambdaDensity_pos (H : V 1 → ℝ) (hH : IsStrictlyStarShapedLevel H)
    (J : V 1 → V 1 →L[ℝ] V 1) (hJ : IsCompatibleXiStructure H J) (U : Set ℂ) (hU : IsOpen U)
    (u : ℂ → V 1) (hu0 : ∀ z ∈ U, u z ≠ 0)
    (hhol : JHolomorphic.IsJHolomorphicOn (Jtilde H J) U u) {z : ℂ} (hz : z ∈ U) :
    piDs H u z ≠ 0 ↔ 0 < dlambdaDensity H u z := by
  sorry

end FiniteEnergyPlane
Source
U. Hryniewicz, J. Symplectic Geom. 12 (2014), arXiv:1105.2077, Section 2.2.4 (zeros of π∂su\pi\partial_s uπ∂s​u and the integrand u∗dλu^*d\lambdau∗dλ)

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