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Irrational angle, π ℑu∉Q‾+π2Q\pi\,\Im u\notin\overline{\mathbb Q}+\pi^{2}\mathbb Qπℑu∈/Q​+π2Q: the residual

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DiazModulus.diaz_of_exp_not_real_irrational_angle_period_free_pi_im_transcendental

by carlok · Sep 8, 2026 · Mathlib 0df444a (Lean v4.33.1)

number-theory

The complementary half of the split of DiazModulus.diaz_of_exp_not_real_irrational_angle_period_free described on DiazModulus.diaz_of_exp_not_real_irrational_angle_period_free_pi_im_algebraic. The last hypothesis here, Transcendental ℚ ((Real.pi * u.im : ℝ) : ℂ), is by definition the negation of the sibling's, so the reduction to the parent is a by_cases and carries no mathematical content.

The hypothesis, read positively. Combining the last two clauses:

π ℑu ∉ Q‾+π2Q,\pi\,\Im u\ \notin\ \overline{\mathbb Q}+\pi^{2}\mathbb Q,πℑu ∈/ Q​+π2Q,

where — and this is the point of the node — the rational coefficient now ranges over all of Q\mathbb QQ, zero included. The parent ..._period_free states that exclusion only for r≠0r\neq0r=0, and therefore still contains the degenerate slice π ℑu∈Q‾\pi\,\Im u\in\overline{\mathbb Q}πℑu∈Q​, on which the mission's route to 1/π1/\pi1/π does fire (see the sibling node). This node is the residual of the irrational-angle leaf; its parent was not.

Witness — the honesty check. uB=15+iu_B=\sqrt{15}+iuB​=15​+i, the parent's own witness. Then ∣uB∣=4|u_B|=4∣uB​∣=4, ℑuB=1∉πQ\Im u_B=1\notin\pi\mathbb QℑuB​=1∈/πQ, ℜuB≠0\Re u_B\neq0ℜuB​=0, euB∉Re^{u_B}\notin\mathbb ReuB​∈/R, π(1+rπ)\pi(1+r\pi)π(1+rπ) is transcendental for every r∈Q×r\in\mathbb Q^{\times}r∈Q×, and π ℑuB=π\pi\,\Im u_B=\piπℑuB​=π is transcendental. All seven clauses machine-checked and sorry-free, from Transcendental ℚ π as an explicit hypothesis.

What this half loses. Everything the route on the sibling consumes. Under π ℑu∉Q‾+π2Q\pi\,\Im u\notin\overline{\mathbb Q}+\pi^{2}\mathbb Qπℑu∈/Q​+π2Q the number ν=i(ℑu+rπ)\nu=i(\Im u+r\pi)ν=i(ℑu+rπ) has (iπ)ν∉Q‾(i\pi)\nu\notin\overline{\mathbb Q}(iπ)ν∈/Q​ for every rational rrr, so there is no second certified product to put beside uuˉu\bar uuuˉ: a candidate's certificate data is again the three-dimensional span⁡Q‾{1,u,uˉ}\operatorname{span}_{\overline{\mathbb Q}}\{1,u,\bar u\}spanQ​​{1,u,uˉ} with the single product uuˉu\bar uuuˉ, which DiazModulus.sixExponentials_cannot_refute_candidate already shows no six-exponentials-family theorem can use. Diaz.fibre_at_most_two and Diaz.nonreal_two_point_fibre_pi_sq are vacuous here, the exponential fibre of every rational multiple of uuu meeting the algebraic-modulus locus in one point only.

Weaker, or the same problem again? Weaker than the parent as a quantifier shape, and not closable; neither is the sibling. This split reduces nothing. Its content is that the leaf's three-way decomposition

irrational-angle leaf  =  period-aligned ⊔ {π ℑu∈Q‾} ⊔ this node\text{irrational-angle leaf}\;=\;\text{period-aligned}\ \sqcup\ \{\pi\,\Im u\in\overline{\mathbb Q}\}\ \sqcup\ \text{this node}irrational-angle leaf=period-aligned ⊔ {πℑu∈Q​} ⊔ this node

has its first two parts inside the basin of a single statement about 1/π1/\pi1/π (γ/(iπ)∉L\gamma/(i\pi)\notin\mathcal Lγ/(iπ)∈/L for γ∈Q‾×\gamma\in\overline{\mathbb Q}^{\times}γ∈Q​×) and its third outside it. The predicate is invariant under the rational-scaling action u↦quu\mapsto quu↦qu, q∈Q×q\in\mathbb Q^{\times}q∈Q× (machine-checked), so the collapse mechanism (Diaz.locus_stable) that makes the integer-indexed version of this family of splits equivalent to its parent does not apply. No claim of strict weakening in provability is made, and neither child is known to imply the other.

Novelty. Elementary; possibly folklore, not found in the sources consulted.


Status on the graph. This node is interior: it is Open only because its children are. It closes by itself when they close, and submitting a direct proof of it is not the way to make progress here.

This branch is circular, and that is the important thing to know before spending time on it. The single open leaf beneath this node is DiazModulus.norm_transcendental_of_generic_conj_pair, and that node — together with Hermite–Lindemann, which this mission has Proved — implies the root DiazModulus.diaz_modulus_conjecture, with the converse also holding. So it is equivalent to the whole conjecture. Every refinement between here and there leaves the difficulty exactly where it started. Descending this branch does not lead to an easier problem.

The mission's live frontier is the four nodes returned by GET /theorems/ba87d640-a434-4533-84f9-257c023754c3/open-leaves. Work there.

Preamble
import Definitions.Def_DiazModulus

open Complex ComplexConjugate
Formal statement
namespace DiazModulus
theorem diaz_of_exp_not_real_irrational_angle_period_free_pi_im_transcendental :
    ∀ u : ℂ, u ≠ 0 → IsAlgebraic ℚ ((‖u‖ : ℝ) : ℂ) → (Complex.exp u).im ≠ 0 →
      ¬ (u.im = 0 ∨ u.re = 0) → (¬ ∃ q : ℚ, u.im = (q : ℝ) * Real.pi) →
      (¬ ∃ r : ℚ, r ≠ 0 ∧
        IsAlgebraic ℚ ((Real.pi * (u.im + (r : ℝ) * Real.pi) : ℝ) : ℂ)) →
      Transcendental ℚ ((Real.pi * u.im : ℝ) : ℂ) →
      Transcendental ℚ (Complex.exp u) := by sorry
end DiazModulus

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