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The exact return phase error has three small ordinary derivatives

Proved
BianchiIX.connectionReturn_phase_response_bounds

by trppppp · Nov 5, 2026 · Mathlib 0df444a (Lean v4.33.1)

bianchi-ix-era-statisticsdynamical-systems

For real variables p,s,a,b,cp,s,a,b,cp,s,a,b,c, set

K=a2+b2+c2−2(ab+bc+ca),S=p2+s2,C=S+K.K=a^2+b^2+c^2-2(ab+bc+ca),\qquad S=p^2+s^2,\qquad C=S+K.K=a2+b2+c2−2(ab+bc+ca),S=p2+s2,C=S+K.

The shear components and wall rates are

P=Kp−2a2+b2+c2+ab−2bc+ac,P=Kp-2a^2+b^2+c^2+ab-2bc+ac,P=Kp−2a2+b2+c2+ab−2bc+ac, Q=Ks+3(−b2+c2+ab−ac),Q=Ks+\sqrt{3}(-b^2+c^2+ab-ac),Q=Ks+3​(−b2+c2+ab−ac), r1=−S+2p,r2=−S−p+3s,r3=−S−p−3s.r_1=-S+2p,\qquad r_2=-S-p+\sqrt{3}s,\qquad r_3=-S-p-\sqrt{3}s.r1​=−S+2p,r2​=−S−p+3​s,r3​=−S−p−3​s.

These functions define the normalized vacuum Bianchi IX vector field (P,Q,r1a,r2b,r3c)(P,Q,r_1a,r_2b,r_3c)(P,Q,r1​a,r2​b,r3​c). For y=(m,u,v,w)∈R4y=(m,u,v,w)\in\mathbb R^4y=(m,u,v,w)∈R4, define

K(u,v,w)=u2+v2+w2−2(uv+vw+wu),κ=u(v+w−u),K(u,v,w)=u^2+v^2+w^2-2(uv+vw+wu),\qquad \kappa=u(v+w-u),K(u,v,w)=u2+v2+w2−2(uv+vw+wu),κ=u(v+w−u), Fm=−v2+w2+u(v−w)−mκ,Fu=12(1−m2−(v−w)2+u2)u,F_m=-v^2+w^2+u(v-w)-m\kappa,\qquad F_u=\tfrac12(1-m^2-(v-w)^2+u^2)u,Fm​=−v2+w2+u(v−w)−mκ,Fu​=21​(1−m2−(v−w)2+u2)u, Fv=(m−1−κ)v,Fw=(−m−1−κ)w,F=(Fm,Fu,Fv,Fw),F_v=(m-1-\kappa)v,\qquad F_w=(-m-1-\kappa)w,\qquad F=(F_m,F_u,F_v,F_w),Fv​=(m−1−κ)v,Fw​=(−m−1−κ)w,F=(Fm​,Fu​,Fv​,Fw​),

and E(m,v)=(m−1)2+v2E(m,v)=(m-1)^2+v^2E(m,v)=(m−1)2+v2.

For x=(p,s,a,b,c)x=(p,s,a,b,c)x=(p,s,a,b,c), put

ψ(p,z)=3 z1+p,Π(x)=(ψ(p,s),ψ(p,a),ψ(p,b),ψ(p,c)).\psi(p,z)=\frac{\sqrt3\,z}{1+p},\qquad \Pi(x)=(\psi(p,s),\psi(p,a),\psi(p,b),\psi(p,c)).ψ(p,z)=1+p3​z​,Π(x)=(ψ(p,s),ψ(p,a),ψ(p,b),ψ(p,c)).

For y=(m,u,v,w)y=(m,u,v,w)y=(m,u,v,w), set D(y)=3+m2+K(u,v,w)D(y)=3+m^2+K(u,v,w)D(y)=3+m2+K(u,v,w) and

ΞA(y)=(A−1,Am3,Au3,Av3,Aw3),Ξ(y)=Ξ6/D(y)(y).\Xi_A(y)=\left(A-1,\frac{Am}{\sqrt3},\frac{Au}{\sqrt3}, \frac{Av}{\sqrt3},\frac{Aw}{\sqrt3}\right),\qquad \Xi(y)=\Xi_{6/D(y)}(y).ΞA​(y)=(A−1,3​Am​,3​Au​,3​Av​,3​Aw​),Ξ(y)=Ξ6/D(y)​(y).

Write N(x)=(P,Q,r1a,r2b,r3c)N(x)=(P,Q,r_1a,r_2b,r_3c)N(x)=(P,Q,r1​a,r2​b,r3​c) for the normalized vector field and C(x)=C(p,s,a,b,c)\mathcal C(x)=C(p,s,a,b,c)C(x)=C(p,s,a,b,c) for its constraint.

The normalized and projective state spaces are R5\mathbb R^5R5 and R4\mathbb R^4R4 with their finite-product norms. The maps Π,Ξ,D,F\Pi,\Xi,D,FΠ,Ξ,D,F act on these state spaces.

The projective vector field in normalized time is

G(y)=6D(y)F(y).G(y)=\frac6{D(y)}F(y).G(y)=D(y)6​F(y).

Write X=R5X=\mathbb R^5X=R5, Y=R4Y=\mathbb R^4Y=R4, and let αx,t0\alpha_{x,t_0}αx,t0​​ be the maximal solution of α′=N(α)\alpha'=N(\alpha)α′=N(α) with initial value xxx at t0t_0t0​ and domain Imax⁡(x,t0)I_{\max}(x,t_0)Imax​(x,t0​). Put

Jx,t0(t)=dxαx,t0(t),Ψt0(y,t)=Π(αΞ(y),t0(t)),J_{x,t_0}(t)=d_x\alpha_{x,t_0}(t),\qquad \Psi_{t_0}(y,t)=\Pi(\alpha_{\Xi(y),t_0}(t)),Jx,t0​​(t)=dx​αx,t0​​(t),Ψt0​​(y,t)=Π(αΞ(y),t0​​(t)), Jy,t0(t)=dΠαΞ(y),t0(t)∘JΞ(y),t0(t)∘dΞy.\mathcal J_{y,t_0}(t)=d\Pi_{\alpha_{\Xi(y),t_0}(t)} \circ J_{\Xi(y),t_0}(t)\circ d\Xi_y.Jy,t0​​(t)=dΠαΞ(y),t0​​(t)​∘JΞ(y),t0​​(t)∘dΞy​.

Put c=u(v+w−u)c=u(v+w-u)c=u(v+w−u), s(m,u,v,w)=m−1−cs(m,u,v,w)=m-1-cs(m,u,v,w)=m−1−c, b(m,u,v,w)=(1−m2−(v−w)2+u2)/2b(m,u,v,w)=(1-m^2-(v-w)^2+u^2)/2b(m,u,v,w)=(1−m2−(v−w)2+u2)/2, D(m,u,v,w)=3+m2+K(u,v,w)D(m,u,v,w)=3+m^2+K(u,v,w)D(m,u,v,w)=3+m2+K(u,v,w), and r(m,v)=(m−1)2+v2r(m,v)=\sqrt{(m-1)^2+v^2}r(m,v)=(m−1)2+v2​.

Define

Cμ={(m,u,v,w):∣−m−μ∣≤1/2, 0≤u≤1/10000, 0≤v,w≤1},\mathcal C_\mu=\{(m,u,v,w):|-m-\mu|\leq1/2, \ 0\leq u\leq1/10000,\ 0\leq v,w\leq1\},Cμ​={(m,u,v,w):∣−m−μ∣≤1/2, 0≤u≤1/10000, 0≤v,w≤1}, ω−(y)=s(−ym,yu,yv,yw),H(y)=F(y)/ω−(y).\omega_-(y)=s(-y_m,y_u,y_v,y_w),\qquad H(y)=F(y)/\omega_-(y).ω−​(y)=s(−ym​,yu​,yv​,yw​),H(y)=F(y)/ω−​(y).

For a normalized trajectory write

β(t)=Π(αx,t0(t)),A(t)=1+(αx,t0(t))0,I=Imax⁡(x,t0).\beta(t)=\Pi(\alpha_{x,t_0}(t)),\quad A(t)=1+(\alpha_{x,t_0}(t))_0, \quad I=I_{\max}(x,t_0).β(t)=Π(αx,t0​​(t)),A(t)=1+(αx,t0​​(t))0​,I=Imax​(x,t0​).

For p=(μ,u,w)∈R3p=(\mu,u,w)\in\mathbb R^3p=(μ,u,w)∈R3, set e(p)=(−μ,u,1,w)e(p)=(-\mu,u,1,w)e(p)=(−μ,u,1,w), xp=Ξ(e(p))x_p=\Xi(e(p))xp​=Ξ(e(p)), and

T−(p)=inf⁡{t>0:t∈Imax⁡(xp,0), (Ψ0(e(p),t))w=1},P−(p)=Ψ0(e(p),T−(p)).T_-(p)=\inf\{t>0:t\in I_{\max}(x_p,0),\ (\Psi_0(e(p),t))_w=1\}, \qquad P_-(p)=\Psi_0(e(p),T_-(p)).T−​(p)=inf{t>0:t∈Imax​(xp​,0), (Ψ0​(e(p),t))w​=1},P−​(p)=Ψ0​(e(p),T−​(p)).

Let V−(p)V_-(p)V−​(p) mean that this infimum is a least element, the full interval [0,T−(p)][0,T_-(p)][0,T−​(p)] lies in the maximal domain with positive AAA, the growing wall is below one before the endpoint, and its normalized-time derivative is strictly positive at the endpoint. The infimum has its total real-order meaning.

For the positive reflected phase variable mmm, put

n(a,b)=a2+b2,j(a,b)=1n(a,b)(n(a,b)+a),n(a,b)=\sqrt{a^2+b^2},\quad j(a,b)=\frac1{n(a,b)(n(a,b)+a)},n(a,b)=a2+b2​,j(a,b)=n(a,b)(n(a,b)+a)1​, ϕ=n(m+1,v)+n(m−1,w)−m,h=m+1n(m+1,v)+m−1n(m−1,w)−1,\phi=n(m+1,v)+n(m-1,w)-m,\quad h=\frac{m+1}{n(m+1,v)}+\frac{m-1}{n(m-1,w)}-1,ϕ=n(m+1,v)+n(m−1,w)−m,h=n(m+1,v)m+1​+n(m−1,w)m−1​−1, Q=mh+v2n(m+1,v)+w2n(m−1,w),k=j(m+1,v)−j(m−1,w).Q=mh+\frac{v^2}{n(m+1,v)}+\frac{w^2}{n(m-1,w)},\quad k=j(m+1,v)-j(m-1,w).Q=mh+n(m+1,v)v2​+n(m−1,w)w2​,k=j(m+1,v)−j(m−1,w).

Write κ=u(v+w−u)\kappa=u(v+w-u)κ=u(v+w−u), s=m−1−κs=m-1-\kappas=m−1−κ, b=(1−m2−(v−w)2+u2)/2b=(1-m^2-(v-w)^2+u^2)/2b=(1−m2−(v−w)2+u2)/2, and

Mv=−v2n(m+1,v)h,Mw=−w2n(m−1,w)h.M_v=-\frac{v^2}{n(m+1,v)h},\qquad M_w=-\frac{w^2}{n(m-1,w)h}.Mv​=−n(m+1,v)hv2​,Mw​=−n(m−1,w)hw2​.

The four coordinate differential operators, in the order (ϕ,log⁡u,log⁡v,log⁡w)(\phi,\log u,\log v,\log w)(ϕ,logu,logv,logw), are

L0=h−1∂m,L1=u∂u,L2=Mv∂m+v∂v,L3=Mw∂m+w∂w.L_0=h^{-1}\partial_m,\quad L_1=u\partial_u,\quad L_2=M_v\partial_m+v\partial_v,\quad L_3=M_w\partial_m+w\partial_w.L0​=h−1∂m​,L1​=u∂u​,L2​=Mv​∂m​+v∂v​,L3​=Mw​∂m​+w∂w​.

Subscripts iii below denote the rational expressions obtained by these rules, with total real-field division. On the regular positive-wall region they are the corresponding coordinate partial derivatives. Set

N=h(v−w)+(v+w−u)Q,R=h(v−w)+(v+w−u)(Q−s),N=h(v-w)+(v+w-u)Q,\quad R=h(v-w)+(v+w-u)(Q-s),N=h(v−w)+(v+w−u)Q,R=h(v−w)+(v+w−u)(Q−s), A=−N/s,B=k/s,G=uA+(vw)2B,α=b/s,β=−1−2(1+κ)/s.A=-N/s,\quad B=k/s,\quad G=uA+(vw)^2B,\quad \alpha=b/s,\quad \beta=-1-2(1+\kappa)/s.A=−N/s,B=k/s,G=uA+(vw)2B,α=b/s,β=−1−2(1+κ)/s.

The coefficient matrix CCC has rows (Gi)i(G_i)_i(Gi​)i​, (αi)i(\alpha_i)_i(αi​)i​ and (βi)i(\beta_i)_i(βi​)i​.

For a projective state yyy, evaluate the reflected formulas at (m,u,v,w)=(−y0,y1,y2,y3)(m,u,v,w)=(-y_0,y_1,y_2,y_3)(m,u,v,w)=(−y0​,y1​,y2​,y3​). Define

χ(y)=(ϕ,log⁡y1,log⁡y2,log⁡y3),\chi(y)=(\phi,\log y_1,\log y_2,\log y_3),χ(y)=(ϕ,logy1​,logy2​,logy3​), Tyξ=(−hξ0+y2ξ2n(−y0+1,y2)+y3ξ3n(−y0−1,y3),ξ1y1,ξ2y2,ξ3y3).\mathcal T_y\xi=\left(-h\xi_0+ \frac{y_2\xi_2}{n(-y_0+1,y_2)}+ \frac{y_3\xi_3}{n(-y_0-1,y_3)}, \frac{\xi_1}{y_1},\frac{\xi_2}{y_2},\frac{\xi_3}{y_3}\right).Ty​ξ=(−hξ0​+n(−y0​+1,y2​)y2​ξ2​​+n(−y0​−1,y3​)y3​ξ3​​,y1​ξ1​​,y2​ξ2​​,y3​ξ3​​).

Let Ayd=(∑iC0idi,∑iC1idi,∑iC2idi,0)\mathcal A_y d=(\sum_i C_{0i}d_i,\sum_i C_{1i}d_i, \sum_i C_{2i}d_i,0)Ay​d=(∑i​C0i​di​,∑i​C1i​di​,∑i​C2i​di​,0) and Wμd=(d1,μ2d2)W_\mu d=(d_1,\mu^2d_2)Wμ​d=(d1​,μ2d2​), with the sup norm. The original-time clock rate is Ω(y)=6ω−(y)/D(y)\Omega(y)=6\omega_-(y)/D(y)Ω(y)=6ω−​(y)/D(y). For Y=Ψt0(y,t)Y=\Psi_{t_0}(y,t)Y=Ψt0​​(y,t) and ξ=dyΨt0(y,t)v\xi=d_y\Psi_{t_0}(y,t)vξ=dy​Ψt0​​(y,t)v, set

Py,t0,tv=ξ−(ξ3/Y3−v3/y3)H(Y),Dy,t0,tv=TY(Py,t0,tv).\mathcal P_{y,t_0,t}v=\xi-(\xi_3/Y_3-v_3/y_3)H(Y),\qquad \mathcal D_{y,t_0,t}v=\mathcal T_Y(\mathcal P_{y,t_0,t}v).Py,t0​,t​v=ξ−(ξ3​/Y3​−v3​/y3​)H(Y),Dy,t0​,t​v=TY​(Py,t0​,t​v).

Thus D\mathcal DD is the logarithmic variation at fixed relative growing-wall clock.

For entry amplitudes u,pu,pu,p, define the feedback budget

Λμ(u,p)=64(2uμ3+p24μ3)+8192(4uμ2+p216μ3).\Lambda_\mu(u,p)=64\left(\frac{2u}{\mu^3}+\frac{p^2}{4\mu^3}\right) +8192\left(\frac{4u}{\mu^2}+\frac{p^2}{16\mu^3}\right).Λμ​(u,p)=64(μ32u​+4μ3p2​)+8192(μ24u​+16μ3p2​).

Write p=(μ,u,w)p=(\mu,u,w)p=(μ,u,w), L=−log⁡wL=-\log wL=−logw, and define the physical return and phase error by

Pphys(p)=(n(−P−(p)0−1,1),P−(p)1,P−(p)2),P^{\rm phys}(p)=(n(-P_-(p)_0-1,1),P_-(p)_1,P_-(p)_2),Pphys(p)=(n(−P−​(p)0​−1,1),P−​(p)1​,P−​(p)2​), E(p)=n(−P−(p)0−1,1)−n(μ+1,1)+2.E(p)=n(-P_-(p)_0-1,1)-n(\mu+1,1)+2.E(p)=n(−P−​(p)0​−1,1)−n(μ+1,1)+2.

Assume p=(μ,u,w)p=(\mu,u,w)p=(μ,u,w) with μ≥4\mu\geq4μ≥4, 0≤u≤1/(10000μ)0\leq u\leq1/(10000\mu)0≤u≤1/(10000μ), and 0<w≤1/100000<w\leq1/100000<w≤1/10000. Assume u>0u>0u>0. Then

∣∂μE∣≤50000(u+w2)/μ2,∣∂uE∣≤50000/μ,∣∂wE∣≤50000(u+w)/μ.|\partial_\mu E|\leq50000(u+w^2)/\mu^2,\quad |\partial_u E|\leq50000/\mu,\quad |\partial_w E|\leq50000(u+w)/\mu.∣∂μ​E∣≤50000(u+w2)/μ2,∣∂u​E∣≤50000/μ,∣∂w​E∣≤50000(u+w)/μ.
Preamble
import Definitions.Def_BianchiIX_Algebra_Flow
import Definitions.Def_BianchiIX_Dynamics_Normalized
import Definitions.Def_BianchiIX_Algebra_Projective
import Definitions.Def_BianchiIX_Algebra_Coordinates
import Definitions.Def_BianchiIX_Dynamics_WallEvolution
import Definitions.Def_BianchiIX_Dynamics_ProjectiveState
import Definitions.Def_BianchiIX_Algebra_ConnectionBounds
import Definitions.Def_BianchiIX_Algebra_MatchingPhase
import Definitions.Def_BianchiIX_Dynamics_MaximalFlow
import Definitions.Def_BianchiIX_Dynamics_Linearization
import Definitions.Def_BianchiIX_Analysis_ConnectionAmplitudeDifferential
import Definitions.Def_BianchiIX_Analysis_ConnectionPhaseEndpointFactor
import Definitions.Def_BianchiIX_Dynamics_ProjectiveOriginalTime
import Definitions.Def_BianchiIX_Dynamics_FlowDifferential
import Definitions.Def_BianchiIX_Dynamics_Events
import Definitions.Def_BianchiIX_Dynamics_ProjectiveFlowVariation
import Definitions.Def_BianchiIX_Dynamics_ConnectionClock
import Definitions.Def_BianchiIX_Dynamics_ConnectionClockDifferential
import Definitions.Def_BianchiIX_Dynamics_ConnectionFlowVariation
import Definitions.Def_BianchiIX_Analysis_ConnectionCoefficientMatrix
import Definitions.Def_BianchiIX_Analysis_ConnectionLogCoordinates
import Definitions.Def_BianchiIX_Dynamics_ConnectionRegion
import Definitions.Def_BianchiIX_Analysis_ConnectionWeightedVariation
import Definitions.Def_BianchiIX_Analysis_ConnectionFeedbackBounds
import Definitions.Def_BianchiIX_Dynamics_ConnectionExistence
import Definitions.Def_BianchiIX_Dynamics_ConnectionLogFlowVariation
import Definitions.Def_BianchiIX_Dynamics_ConnectionEvents
import Definitions.Def_BianchiIX_Dynamics_ConnectionReturn
import Definitions.Def_BianchiIX_Dynamics_ConnectionReturnValues
import Mathlib.Analysis.Calculus.FDeriv.Symmetric
import Mathlib.Analysis.Calculus.Deriv.Mul
import Mathlib.Tactic.NormNum
import Mathlib.Analysis.Calculus.Deriv.Prod
import Mathlib.Tactic.Module
import Mathlib.Analysis.Calculus.Deriv.Pow
import Mathlib.Analysis.Calculus.Deriv.Add
import Mathlib.Analysis.Real.Sqrt
import Mathlib.Tactic.Linarith
import Mathlib.Tactic.Ring
import Mathlib.Analysis.Calculus.Deriv.Inv
import Mathlib.Tactic.FieldSimp
import Mathlib.Tactic.LinearCombination
import Mathlib.Analysis.SpecialFunctions.Arsinh
import Mathlib.Analysis.SpecialFunctions.Sqrt
import Mathlib.Analysis.Calculus.ContDiff.Operations
import Mathlib.Analysis.Calculus.MeanValue
import Mathlib.Data.Fin.VecNotation
import Mathlib.Tactic.FinCases
import Mathlib.Tactic.FunProp
import Mathlib.Analysis.SpecialFunctions.Arcosh
import Mathlib.MeasureTheory.Integral.IntervalIntegral.FundThmCalculus
import Mathlib.Analysis.Calculus.InverseFunctionTheorem.Deriv
import Mathlib.Analysis.Calculus.Deriv.MeanValue
import Mathlib.Analysis.SpecialFunctions.Pow.Deriv
import Mathlib.Analysis.SpecialFunctions.Integrals.Basic
import Mathlib.Analysis.ODE.ExistUnique
import Mathlib.Analysis.Calculus.FDeriv.Partial
import Mathlib.Analysis.SpecialFunctions.Log.Deriv
import Mathlib.Analysis.Calculus.ImplicitContDiff
import Mathlib.Analysis.SpecialFunctions.ExpDeriv
import Mathlib.Topology.Instances.Real.Lemmas
import Mathlib.MeasureTheory.Integral.IntervalIntegral.DistLEIntegral
import Mathlib.Tactic.GCongr
import Mathlib.Analysis.Calculus.Deriv.Slope
import Mathlib.Topology.Order.OrderClosed
import Mathlib.Topology.Order.IntermediateValue
import Mathlib.Topology.Order.Compact
import Mathlib.Analysis.SpecialFunctions.Log.Basic
import Mathlib.Analysis.ODE.Gronwall
import Mathlib.Data.Matrix.Mul
import Mathlib.Topology.Order.ProjIcc

noncomputable section
open BianchiIX

Formal statement
theorem BianchiIX.connectionReturn_phase_response_bounds {p : ConnectionParameters} (hμ : 4 ≤ p 0)
    (hu : 0 < p 1 ∧ p 1 ≤ (1 / 10000) / p 0) (hw : 0 < p 2 ∧ p 2 ≤ 1 / 10000) :
    |fderiv ℝ connectionReturnPhaseError p ![1, 0, 0]| ≤ 50000 * (p 1 + (p 2) ^ 2) / (p 0) ^ 2 ∧
    |fderiv ℝ connectionReturnPhaseError p ![0, 1, 0]| ≤ 50000 / p 0 ∧
    |fderiv ℝ connectionReturnPhaseError p ![0, 0, 1]| ≤ 50000 * (p 1 + p 2) / p 0 := by sorry
Source
https://github.com/l46430640-del/ERA-STATISTICS-FORMAL/blob/d74c241819f896ab8d050b21ace80c8e90eabd9e/BianchiIX/Dynamics/ConnectionReturnPhaseResponse.lean#L10-L109

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