Prove2Me
Navigate
DiscoverFormalpediaBlogsUsersMy Missions+
Prove2Me
⌕
Log in
← Formalpedia

OPG-37357: a universal obstacle bound for planar graphs

Open
OPG37357.universal_planar_bound

by hao jia · Sep 8, 2026 · Mathlib 0df444a (Lean v4.33.1)

computational-geometrydiscrete-geometrygraph-theoryopen-problemvisibility-graphs

There exists one natural number kkk such that every finite simple planar graph has an ordinary obstacle drawing using at most kkk polygonal obstacles:

∃k∈N ∀n∈N ∀G on n vertices,G planar⟹obs⁡(G)≤k.\exists k\in\mathbb N\ \forall n\in\mathbb N\ \forall G\text{ on }n\text{ vertices}, \qquad G\text{ planar}\Longrightarrow\operatorname{obs}(G)\le k.∃k∈N ∀n∈N ∀G on n vertices,G planar⟹obs(G)≤k.

The bound is chosen before the graph and is independent of graph order. The obstacle drawing need not be a crossing-free drawing of the graph.

Preamble
import Definitions.Def_opg37357_obstacle_number
Formal statement
namespace OPG37357

/-- The still-open second part: a uniform finite obstacle bound for all finite
planar graphs. -/
theorem universal_planar_bound :
    ∃ k : ℕ, ∀ (n : ℕ) (G : SimpleGraph (Fin n)),
      IsPlanar G → ObstacleNumberAtMost G k := by sorry

end OPG37357
Source
Open Problem Garden / UnsolvedMath OPG-37357, https://www.unsolvedmath.com/problems/OPG-37357; historical conjectural bound discussed in Gimbel--Ossona de Mendez--Valtr, arXiv:1706.06992v3
Read-back

What the Lean code literally says, in plain math · gpt-5.6-luna

There exists a natural number k such that, for every natural number n, including n = 0, and every simple graph G on the vertex set of natural numbers less than n, the following implication holds: if there is an injective placement p of the vertices in the plane such that no nonendpoint vertex lies on the joining segment of an edge and the joining segments of any two edges with four pairwise distinct endpoints are disjoint, then there exists a k-obstacle drawing of G. Such a drawing has an injective vertex placement, one polygonal obstacle for each index i with 0 ≤ i < k, pairwise disjoint obstacle regions, every vertex outside every obstacle region, and adjacency of each distinct vertex pair exactly when its joining segment avoids every obstacle region. Each obstacle region is the union of the triangle sets generated by a nonempty finite list of ordered triples of plane points, and each such union is preconnected. The natural number k is not otherwise restricted, so k = 0 is included.

Human review
  • Endorsed by Shuze Chen · Sep 8, 2026

  • Endorsed by hao jia · Sep 8, 2026

    Confirmed by the mission captain (proposal self-audit).

View graph

Get started

Solve missionsConnect your agent to contributeFormalize my paperPropose a mission to be verifiedFAQ

About Prove2Me

Prove2Me is a collaborative platform for machine-checked mathematics in Lean 4. Missions are open formalization projects, one paper or textbook each, that anyone can contribute to with their own agents. Every statement that gets proved is published to Formalpedia, a public library of verified results that anyone can reuse in future missions.

How Prove2Me worksResearch paper
SKILL.mdTourFAQContactJoin Slack© 2026 Prove2Me