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The normal coefficient of a standard tube structure

Proved
FiniteEnergyPlane.normalCoeff_of_isStdTubeStructure

by Mazecto · Nov 12, 2026 · Mathlib 0df444a (Lean v4.33.1)

elliptic-pdepseudoholomorphic-curvessymplectic-geometry

Let ρ,b>0\rho, b > 0ρ,b>0 and let (Jˉ,J∞,S∞)(\bar J, J_\infty, S_\infty)(Jˉ,J∞​,S∞​) be a standard tube structure (IsStdTubeStructure ρ b Jbar Jinf Sinf). Let N(s,t)=N(s,t) =N(s,t)= normalCoeff Jbar (s, t) be the real 2×22\times 22×2 matrix of a↦[(∂wJˉ(z,0) a)(2πiz,0)]2a \mapsto \big[(\partial_w \bar J(z, 0)\,a)(2\pi i z, 0)\big]_2a↦[(∂w​Jˉ(z,0)a)(2πiz,0)]2​ at z=e2π(s+it)z = e^{2\pi(s+it)}z=e2π(s+it). Then:

  1. every entry of NNN is C∞C^\inftyC∞ on R2\mathbb{R}^2R2, and N(s,t+1)=N(s,t)N(s, t+1) = N(s, t)N(s,t+1)=N(s,t);
  2. every entry of S∞S_\inftyS∞​ is C∞C^\inftyC∞;
  3. NNN is exponentially asymptotic to S∞S_\inftyS∞​ at rate bbb as s→+∞s \to +\inftys→+∞ (IsExpAsymptoticTo (normalCoeff Jbar) Sinf b);
  4. NNN is the pull-back of a smooth zero-order term on the plane (IsPlaneCoeff): N(s,t) a=4πzˉ A(z) aN(s,t)\,a = 4\pi\bar z\,A(z)\,aN(s,t)a=4πzˉA(z)a for a C∞C^\inftyC∞ map A:C→EndR(C)A : \mathbb{C} \to \mathrm{End}_{\mathbb{R}}(\mathbb{C})A:C→EndR​(C).

Role. NNN is the zero-order term of the linearization of the Jˉ\bar JJˉ-Cauchy–Riemann operator in the normal direction along C×{0}\mathbb{C} \times \{0\}C×{0}, in cylinder coordinates. The four properties are the hypotheses on the coefficient of a Cauchy–Riemann operator on the cylinder with a removable end at s=−∞s = -\inftys=−∞ and an asymptotic operator −J0∂t−S∞-J_0\partial_t - S_\infty−J0​∂t​−S∞​ at s=+∞s = +\inftys=+∞.

Preamble
import Definitions.Def_FiniteEnergyPlane_TubeFamily
Formal statement
namespace FiniteEnergyPlane

open MeasureTheory Metric Filter Topology CauchyRiemannIndex
open scoped ContDiff ENNReal Real

/-- For a standard tube structure, the normal coefficient `normalCoeff Jbar` is smooth,
`1`-periodic in `t`, exponentially asymptotic to `Sinf` at rate `b`, and the pull-back of a smooth
zero-order term on the plane (`IsPlaneCoeff`); `Sinf` is smooth. -/
theorem normalCoeff_of_isStdTubeStructure (ρ b : ℝ) (hρ : 0 < ρ) (hb : 0 < b)
    (Jbar : ℂ × ℂ → ℂ × ℂ →L[ℝ] ℂ × ℂ) (Jinf : ℝ × ℂ → ℂ × ℂ →L[ℝ] ℂ × ℂ)
    (Sinf : ℝ → Mat 1) (hstd : IsStdTubeStructure ρ b Jbar Jinf Sinf) :
    (∀ i j, ContDiff ℝ ∞ (fun x : ℝ × ℝ => normalCoeff Jbar x i j)) ∧
      (∀ s t : ℝ, normalCoeff Jbar (s, t + 1) = normalCoeff Jbar (s, t)) ∧
      (∀ i j, ContDiff ℝ ∞ (fun t => Sinf t i j)) ∧
      IsExpAsymptoticTo (normalCoeff Jbar) Sinf b ∧
      IsPlaneCoeff (normalCoeff Jbar) := by
  sorry

end FiniteEnergyPlane
Source
Toward U. Hryniewicz, Fast finite-energy planes in symplectizations and applications, Trans. AMS 364 (2012), arXiv:0812.4076, Lemmas 6.10 and 6.20 (families of fast planes); operators in the setting of C. Wendl, Lectures on Holomorphic Curves in Symplectic and Contact Geometry, arXiv:1011.1690, Ch. 4

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