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The value eγ/(iπ)e^{\gamma/(i\pi)}eγ/(iπ) is never a root of unity, for algebraic γ≠0\gamma \neq 0γ=0

Proved
DiazModulus.recip_pi_exp_value_not_root_of_unity

by carlok · Sep 9, 2026 · Mathlib 0df444a (Lean v4.33.1)

logarithmsnumber-theoryroots-of-unitytranscendence

For every non-zero algebraic γ\gammaγ, the value eγ/(iπ)e^{\gamma/(i\pi)}eγ/(iπ) is not a root of unity.

Proof sketch. If eλe^{\lambda}eλ has finite order with λ=γ/(iπ)\lambda = \gamma/(i\pi)λ=γ/(iπ), then enλ=1e^{n\lambda} = 1enλ=1 for some n≥1n \geq 1n≥1, so nλ=2πimn\lambda = 2\pi i mnλ=2πim for some integer mmm. Substituting λ=γ/(iπ)\lambda = \gamma/(i\pi)λ=γ/(iπ) and clearing gives γ=−2π2m/n\gamma = -2\pi^{2}m/nγ=−2π2m/n. With γ\gammaγ algebraic and non-zero this makes π2\pi^{2}π2 algebraic, contradicting DiazModulus.pi_sq_transcendental, which is Proved on this mission and is discharged here rather than carried.

What it is for. DiazModulus.recip_pi_not_log and its two children ask for eγ/(iπ)e^{\gamma/(i\pi)}eγ/(iπ) to be transcendental. This node settles the cheapest way that could fail: the value cannot be a root of unity. Anyone attacking DiazModulus.recip_pi_not_log_real_gamma needs this first, and on that half it says something concrete — γ\gammaγ real makes λ\lambdaλ purely imaginary, so ∣eλ∣=1|e^{\lambda}| = 1∣eλ∣=1, and a hypothetical algebraic value would have to be an algebraic number on the unit circle that is not a root of unity. Such numbers exist, for instance (3+4i)/5(3+4i)/5(3+4i)/5, so this does not close the leaf; it identifies exactly which shape a counterexample would have to take.

Not claimed. No transcendence. The gap between "not a root of unity" and "transcendental" is the whole open problem, and closing it needs transcendence input this mission does not have. This node closes nothing.

Formalization note. "Root of unity" is IsOfFinOrder applied to the value, which is the form the argument consumes; no reality or genericity hypothesis on γ\gammaγ is needed, so the statement covers both axis halves at once.

Preamble
import Definitions.Def_DiazModulus

open Complex ComplexConjugate
Formal statement
namespace DiazModulus
theorem recip_pi_exp_value_not_root_of_unity :
    ∀ γ : ℂ, IsAlgebraic ℚ γ → γ ≠ 0 →
      ¬ IsOfFinOrder (Complex.exp (γ / (((Real.pi : ℝ) : ℂ) * Complex.I))) := by sorry
end DiazModulus
Source
Elementary, from the transcendence of pi^2 (DiazModulus.pi_sq_transcendental, Proved on this mission).

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