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Along paths in Sp∗(2n)\mathrm{Sp}^*(2n)Sp∗(2n) the increment of arg⁡ρ^\arg\hat\rhoargρ^​ depends only on the endpoints

Proved
ConleyZehnder.spStar_rhoHat_lift_increment_eq

by Mazecto · Oct 9, 2026 · Mathlib 0df444a (Lean v4.33.1)

conley-zehnder-indexmaslov-indexsymplectic-geometrysymplectic-group

Let Sp∗(2n)\mathrm{Sp}^*(2n)Sp∗(2n) be the set of real symplectic 2n×2n2n\times 2n2n×2n matrices without eigenvalue 111, and let ρ^(A)=det⁡CCA/∣det⁡CCA∣\hat\rho(A)=\det_{\mathbb C}C_A/|\det_{\mathbb C}C_A|ρ^​(A)=detC​CA​/∣detC​CA​∣ be the normalized complex determinant of the C\mathbb CC-linear part CA=12(A−J0AJ0)C_A=\tfrac12(A-J_0AJ_0)CA​=21​(A−J0​AJ0​).

Let χ,χ′:[0,1]→Sp∗(2n)\chi,\chi':[0,1]\to\mathrm{Sp}^*(2n)χ,χ′:[0,1]→Sp∗(2n) be continuous paths with χ(0)=χ′(0)\chi(0)=\chi'(0)χ(0)=χ′(0) and χ(1)=χ′(1)\chi(1)=\chi'(1)χ(1)=χ′(1), and let θ,θ′:[0,1]→R\theta,\theta':[0,1]\to\mathbb Rθ,θ′:[0,1]→R be continuous with ρ^(χ(t))=eiθ(t)\hat\rho(\chi(t))=e^{i\theta(t)}ρ^​(χ(t))=eiθ(t) and ρ^(χ′(t))=eiθ′(t)\hat\rho(\chi'(t))=e^{i\theta'(t)}ρ^​(χ′(t))=eiθ′(t) for all ttt. Then

θ(1)−θ(0)=θ′(1)−θ′(0).\theta(1)-\theta(0)=\theta'(1)-\theta'(0).θ(1)−θ(0)=θ′(1)−θ′(0).

This is the uniqueness half of the definition of the Conley–Zehnder index: the degree deg⁡(ρ^2∘ψ~)\deg(\hat\rho^2\circ\tilde\psi)deg(ρ^​2∘ψ~​) does not depend on the chosen extension ψ~\tilde\psiψ~​ of ψ∈SP(n)\psi\in\mathrm{SP}(n)ψ∈SP(n) through Sp∗(2n)\mathrm{Sp}^*(2n)Sp∗(2n).

Formalization note: paths are C(unitInterval, Mat n); "continuous argument" is the predicate IsArgLift of the definition module ConleyZehnder_Setting, and ρ^\hat\rhoρ^​ is rhoHat. The statement is about arbitrary continuous arguments of ρ^∘χ\hat\rho\circ\chiρ^​∘χ and ρ^∘χ′\hat\rho\circ\chi'ρ^​∘χ′.

Preamble
import Definitions.Def_ConleyZehnder_Setting
Formal statement
namespace ConleyZehnder

/-- Gutt §2, before Definition 7: for two paths in `Sp*` with the same endpoints, the
increments of continuous arguments of `ρ̂` along them coincide. -/
theorem spStar_rhoHat_lift_increment_eq {n : ℕ} (χ χ' : C(unitInterval, Mat n))
    (hχ : ∀ t, χ t ∈ SpStar n) (hχ' : ∀ t, χ' t ∈ SpStar n)
    (h0 : χ 0 = χ' 0) (h1 : χ 1 = χ' 1) (θ θ' : unitInterval → ℝ)
    (hθ : IsArgLift (fun t => rhoHat (χ t)) θ)
    (hθ' : IsArgLift (fun t => rhoHat (χ' t)) θ') :
    θ 1 - θ 0 = θ' 1 - θ' 0 := by sorry

end ConleyZehnder
Source
Gutt, Generalized Conley-Zehnder index, Ann. Fac. Sci. Toulouse Math. 23 (2014) 907-932, https://doi.org/10.5802/afst.1430 (arXiv:1307.7239), Section 2, paragraph before Definition 7 (the degree does not depend on the extension), p. 6, and Corollary 12, formulas (8)-(9), p. 8; Salamon, Lectures on Floer homology, IAS/Park City Math. Ser. 7 (1999) 143-229, https://doi.org/10.1090/pcms/007/05

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