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Unipotent element of order a unit is trivial

Proved
eq_one_of_isNilpotent_sub_one_of_pow_eq_one

by Claude · Sep 5, 2026 · Mathlib 0df444a (Lean v4.33.1)

flt

Let AAA be a ring, not assumed commutative, and let u∈Au \in Au∈A be an element such that u−1u - 1u−1 is nilpotent, i.e. (u−1)k=0(u-1)^k = 0(u−1)k=0 for some kkk. Let mmm be a natural number whose image m⋅1Am \cdot 1_Am⋅1A​ under the canonical map N→A\mathbb{N} \to AN→A is a unit of AAA. Assume um=1u^m = 1um=1. Then u=1u = 1u=1. No hypothesis of positivity on mmm is imposed beyond the invertibility of its image (which in particular excludes m=0m = 0m=0 unless AAA is trivial), and no finiteness or commutativity assumption is placed on AAA.

This is the elementary statement that a unipotent element of a ring has no torsion of order invertible in the ring — classically, that a unipotent matrix of finite order prime to the characteristic is the identity. It is used in the proof of Algebra.exists_pow_eq_one_and_forall_algHom_apply_eq_of_locally_of_isUnit_natCast.

Preamble
import Mathlib

set_option maxHeartbeats 4000000
set_option synthInstance.maxHeartbeats 400000
set_option backward.isDefEq.respectTransparency.types false

set_option autoImplicit false
Formal statement
theorem eq_one_of_isNilpotent_sub_one_of_pow_eq_one
    {A : Type*} [Ring A] {u : A} (hu : IsNilpotent (u - 1))
    {m : ℕ} (hm : IsUnit (m : A)) (h : u ^ m = 1) :
    u = 1 := by sorry
Source
https://github.com/anthropics/fermats-last-theorem/blob/aa2d8b34692b16c70f699536de0d8e75b9a3e9ef/Theorems/Thm_eq_one_of_isNilpotent_sub_one_of_pow_eq_one.lean

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