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A 2×3 configuration whose ratio is a Möbius function of u gives three independent y′ with y′ and u·y′ in W

Proved
DiazModulus.mobius_ratio_configuration_u_multiplier_triple

by carlok · Oct 23, 2026 · Mathlib 0df444a (Lean v4.33.1)

diaz-modulus-leannumber-theorytranscendence

Let u∈Cu \in \mathbb{C}u∈C be transcendental, that is, u∉Q‾u \notin \overline{\mathbb{Q}}u∈/Q​ (the algebraic numbers); spans and linear independence are over Q‾\overline{\mathbb{Q}}Q​. Let WWW be any Q‾\overline{\mathbb{Q}}Q​-subspace of C\mathbb{C}C, let x0,x1∈Cx_0, x_1 \in \mathbb{C}x0​,x1​∈C be linearly independent and y0,y1,y2∈Cy_0, y_1, y_2 \in \mathbb{C}y0​,y1​,y2​∈C linearly independent, with xiyj∈Wx_iy_j \in Wxi​yj​∈W for all i,ji, ji,j (a 2×32 \times 32×3 configuration in WWW), and let p,q∈Q‾[X]p, q \in \overline{\mathbb{Q}}[X]p,q∈Q​[X] be coprime with max⁡(deg⁡p,deg⁡q)=1\max(\deg p, \deg q) = 1max(degp,degq)=1 and x1q(u)=x0p(u)x_1q(u) = x_0p(u)x1​q(u)=x0​p(u), so the ratio x1/x0x_1/x_0x1​/x0​ is a Möbius function of uuu. Then there are linearly independent y0′,y1′,y2′∈Cy'_0, y'_1, y'_2 \in \mathbb{C}y0′​,y1′​,y2′​∈C with yj′∈Wy'_j \in Wyj′​∈W and uyj′∈Wuy'_j \in Wuyj′​∈W for every jjj.

So (1,u)⊗y′(1, u) \otimes y'(1,u)⊗y′ is a configuration in WWW, with ratio uuu.

Proof. Write p=aX+bp = aX + bp=aX+b and q=cX+dq = cX + dq=cX+d. To begin, q≠0q \neq 0q=0: otherwise x0p(u)=0x_0p(u) = 0x0​p(u)=0, so p=0p = 0p=0 (uuu is transcendental) and 0,00, 00,0 are not coprime; hence q(u)≠0q(u) \neq 0q(u)=0. Next D=ad−bc≠0D = ad - bc \neq 0D=ad−bc=0. If c≠0c \neq 0c=0, D=0D = 0D=0 gives cp(u)=aq(u)cp(u) = aq(u)cp(u)=aq(u), so cx1=ax0cx_1 = ax_0cx1​=ax0​, and the independence of xxx forces c=0c = 0c=0. If c=0c = 0c=0, then q(u)=d≠0q(u) = d \neq 0q(u)=d=0, so D=0D = 0D=0 forces a=0a = 0a=0, and neither ppp nor qqq has a term in XXX, against max⁡(deg⁡p,deg⁡q)=1\max(\deg p, \deg q) = 1max(degp,degq)=1. Put yj′=x0yj/q(u)y'_j = x_0y_j/q(u)yj′​=x0​yj​/q(u), a non-zero multiple of the independent family yyy, so y′y'y′ is independent. As x0yj=q(u)yj′x_0y_j = q(u)y'_jx0​yj​=q(u)yj′​ and x1yj=p(u)yj′x_1y_j = p(u)y'_jx1​yj​=p(u)yj′​, inverting the matrix of (p,q)(p, q)(p,q) in the basis (X,1)(X, 1)(X,1) gives Dyj′=a x0yj−c x1yjDy'_j = a\,x_0y_j - c\,x_1y_jDyj′​=ax0​yj​−cx1​yj​ and Duyj′=d x1yj−b x0yjDuy'_j = d\,x_1y_j - b\,x_0y_jDuyj′​=dx1​yj​−bx0​yj​; both lie in WWW, and so do yj′y'_jyj′​ and uyj′uy'_juyj′​ after dividing by D∈Q‾D \in \overline{\mathbb{Q}}D∈Q​.

Novelty. Not found in the sources read; routine.

Preamble
import Definitions.Def_DiazModulus
Formal statement
open Complex ComplexConjugate

namespace DiazModulus

open Polynomial in
theorem mobius_ratio_configuration_u_multiplier_triple (u : ℂ) (hu : u ∉ Qbar) (W : Submodule (↥Qbar) ℂ)
    (x : Fin 2 → ℂ) (y : Fin 3 → ℂ) (hx : LinearIndependent (↥Qbar) x)
    (hy : LinearIndependent (↥Qbar) y) (hxy : ∀ i j, x i * y j ∈ W)
    (p q : (↥Qbar)[X]) (hcop : IsCoprime p q) (hdeg : max p.natDegree q.natDegree = 1)
    (hpq : x 1 * aeval u q = x 0 * aeval u p) :
    ∃ y' : Fin 3 → ℂ, LinearIndependent (↥Qbar) y' ∧ ∀ j, y' j ∈ W ∧ u * y' j ∈ W := by
  sorry

end DiazModulus
Source
Not found in the sources read. R20 of the Diaz modulus mission. Formal proof: Diaz modulus mission, 23 October 2026 (C. Perassi).

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