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Ordered-algebraic transfer of a Hlawka-type inequality through a model functional

Proved
HlawkaSchatten.tripleGap_le_ratio_mul_mappedPairGapSum

by savarin · Sep 27, 2026 · Mathlib 0df444a (Lean v4.33.1)

convex-analysishlawka-inequalityhlawka-schattenoperator-inequalities

Let EEE be a type with an addition operation (no norm is assumed on EEE), and let HHH be a normed additive commutative group (no inner product is assumed on HHH). Let size,modelSize:E→R\mathrm{size},\mathrm{modelSize}:E\to\mathbb Rsize,modelSize:E→R be two real-valued functionals on EEE, and let map:E→H\mathrm{map}:E\to Hmap:E→H be any function (not assumed linear or continuous). For a functional s:E→Rs:E\to\mathbb Rs:E→R and u,v∈Eu,v\in Eu,v∈E (respectively u,v,w∈Eu,v,w\in Eu,v,w∈E), write the pair deficit pgap(s)(u,v)=s(u)+s(v)−s(u+v)\mathrm{pgap}(s)(u,v)=s(u)+s(v)-s(u+v)pgap(s)(u,v)=s(u)+s(v)−s(u+v) and the triple deficit tgap(s)(u,v,w)=s(u)+s(v)+s(w)−s(u+v+w)\mathrm{tgap}(s)(u,v,w)=s(u)+s(v)+s(w)-s(u+v+w)tgap(s)(u,v,w)=s(u)+s(v)+s(w)−s(u+v+w) (pairGap, tripleGap), and pgapsum(s)(u,v,w)\mathrm{pgapsum}(s)(u,v,w)pgapsum(s)(u,v,w) for the sum of the three pair deficits of u,v,wu,v,wu,v,w (pairGapSum). Define the analogous mapped pair deficit mpgap(u,v)=modelSize(u)+modelSize(v)−∥map(u)+map(v)∥\mathrm{mpgap}(u,v)=\mathrm{modelSize}(u)+\mathrm{modelSize}(v)-\|\mathrm{map}(u)+\mathrm{map}(v)\|mpgap(u,v)=modelSize(u)+modelSize(v)−∥map(u)+map(v)∥, using the norm of HHH on the mapped term, and likewise the mapped triple deficit mtgap\mathrm{mtgap}mtgap and mapped pair-deficit sum mpgapsum\mathrm{mpgapsum}mpgapsum (mappedTripleGap, mappedPairGap, mappedPairGapSum).

Fix x,y,z∈Ex,y,z\in Ex,y,z∈E and real numbers m>0m>0m>0, M≥0M\ge0M≥0. Suppose:

  1. (triple upper bound) tgap(size)(x,y,z)≤2M⋅mtgap(x,y,z)\mathrm{tgap}(\mathrm{size})(x,y,z) \le 2M\cdot\mathrm{mtgap}(x,y,z)tgap(size)(x,y,z)≤2M⋅mtgap(x,y,z);
  2. (pair lower bounds) 2m⋅mpgap(x,y)≤pgap(size)(x,y)2m\cdot\mathrm{mpgap}(x,y)\le\mathrm{pgap}(\mathrm{size})(x,y)2m⋅mpgap(x,y)≤pgap(size)(x,y), and likewise for the pairs (x,z)(x,z)(x,z) and (y,z)(y,z)(y,z);
  3. (model Hlawka inequality) mtgap(x,y,z)≤mpgapsum(x,y,z)\mathrm{mtgap}(x,y,z)\le\mathrm{mpgapsum}(x,y,z)mtgap(x,y,z)≤mpgapsum(x,y,z).

Then

tgap(size)(x,y,z)  ≤  Mm pgapsum(size)(x,y,z).\mathrm{tgap}(\mathrm{size})(x,y,z) \;\le\; \frac{M}{m}\,\mathrm{pgapsum}(\mathrm{size})(x,y,z).tgap(size)(x,y,z)≤mM​pgapsum(size)(x,y,z).

This is the final, purely ordered-algebraic assembly step of the Bregman–Mazur route to a dimension-independent Hlawka constant: given a triple upper bound and three pair lower bounds relating the true deficits of size\mathrm{size}size to their mapped, model counterparts, together with a Hlawka-type inequality already established for the model, the two factors of 222 cancel exactly and only the ratio M/mM/mM/m survives as the constant for size\mathrm{size}size.

Formalization Note The mapped quantities use only the norm of HHH, so the theorem needs HHH to be a normed additive commutative group and nothing more — no inner product, and map\mathrm{map}map need not be linear or continuous.

Preamble
import Definitions.Def_HlawkaSchatten_GapComparison
import Definitions.Def_HlawkaSchatten_MazurGapComparison
import Mathlib.Analysis.InnerProductSpace.Basic
import Mathlib.Analysis.InnerProductSpace.Dual

/-
Copyright (c) 2026 Ezzeri Esa. All rights reserved.
Released under Apache 2.0 license as described in the file LICENSE.
Authors: Ezzeri Esa
-/

/-!
# Gap comparison through a nonlinear Mazur map

The Mazur map is not additive, so the Hilbert model for a family
`x, y, z` must use sums of the three *images*, rather than the image of
`x + y + z`.  This file records that distinction in the interface used by
the variational proof and carries out the final ordered-algebraic transfer.
-/


variable {E H : Type*} [Add E]
  {𝕜 : Type*} [RCLike 𝕜]
  [NormedAddCommGroup H] [InnerProductSpace 𝕜 H]







include 𝕜

open HlawkaSchatten

omit 𝕜 in
Formal statement
theorem HlawkaSchatten.tripleGap_le_ratio_mul_mappedPairGapSum
    (size : E → ℝ) (modelSize : E → ℝ) (map : E → H)
    (m M : ℝ) (x y z : E)
    (hm : 0 < m) (hM : 0 ≤ M)
    (hTriple : tripleGap size x y z ≤
      2 * M * mappedTripleGap modelSize map x y z)
    (hPairXY : 2 * m * mappedPairGap modelSize map x y ≤ pairGap size x y)
    (hPairXZ : 2 * m * mappedPairGap modelSize map x z ≤ pairGap size x z)
    (hPairYZ : 2 * m * mappedPairGap modelSize map y z ≤ pairGap size y z)
    (hModel : mappedTripleGap modelSize map x y z ≤
      mappedPairGapSum modelSize map x y z) :
    tripleGap size x y z ≤ (M / m) * pairGapSum size x y z := by sorry
Source
https://github.com/savarin/hlawka-schatten/blob/79aa498bfcf7b22bd91d771fb32ec278e2d4704b/HlawkaSchatten/MazurGapComparison.lean#L52-L83

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