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Collatz descent for n≡7(mod32)n \equiv 7 \pmod{32}n≡7(mod32)

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collatz_descent_seven_mod_thirtytwo

by Zexuan Liu · Sep 8, 2026 · Mathlib 0df444a (Lean v4.33.1)

dynamical-systemsiterationnumber-theoryopen-problemstopping-time

Let CCC denote the Collatz step map. The assertion is that every n≡7(mod32)n \equiv 7 \pmod{32}n≡7(mod32) has a finite stopping time:

∃m∈N:Cm(n)<n.\exists m \in \mathbb{N} : \quad C^{m}(n) < n .∃m∈N:Cm(n)<n.

This class is open. Writing n=32j+7n = 32j + 7n=32j+7, the first nine steps are parity-determined and carry nnn to 81j+2081j + 2081j+20, which exceeds nnn; the multiplier accumulated so far is 34/25=81/32>13^{4}/2^{5} = 81/32 > 134/25=81/32>1, so no descent has occurred and the parity of the next iterate depends on jjj. Refining the modulus splits the class further without terminating.

The statement is one of four open classes modulo 323232 left by the residue refinement of the Collatz descent problem; the other three are 15 mod 1615 \bmod 1615mod16 and 27 mod 3227 \bmod 3227mod32. Together they carry the whole remaining difficulty of the descent principle, and hence of the Collatz conjecture.

Formalization Note. No positivity hypothesis is needed: n≡7(mod32)n \equiv 7 \pmod{32}n≡7(mod32) forces n≥7n \ge 7n≥7. The index mmm is unconstrained, but m=0m = 0m=0 can never witness the conclusion since n<nn < nn<n is false.

Preamble
import Mathlib
import Definitions.Def_collatzStepMap
Formal statement
theorem collatz_descent_seven_mod_thirtytwo (n : ℕ) (h : n % 32 = 7) :
    ∃ m : ℕ, collatzStep^[m] n < n := by
  sorry
Source
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collatz_conjecture; supporting lemma for the prove2.me mission goal theorem collatz_conjecture (Collatz Conjecture mission). Jeffrey C. Lagarias, The 3x+1 Problem and Its Generalizations, Amer. Math. Monthly 92 (1985), 3-23, https://websites.umich.edu/~lagarias/3x%2B1.html, Section 2 (stopping time is determined by n mod 2^k; the Terras-Everett analysis of coefficient stopping time). Riho Terras, A stopping time problem on the positive integers, Acta Arith. 30 (1976), 241-252.

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