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Opposite conjugate planes multiply into the span of 1, u and its conjugate

Proved
Diaz.conj_planes_mul

by carlok · Sep 8, 2026 · Mathlib 0df444a (Lean v4.33.1)

diaz-modulus-leannumber-theory

Let K⊆CK \subseteq \mathbb{C}K⊆C be a subfield and u∈Cu \in \mathbb{C}u∈C with ρ=uuˉ∈K\rho = u\bar u \in Kρ=uuˉ∈K. For A,B,C,D∈KA,B,C,D \in KA,B,C,D∈K the product

(A+Bu)(C+Duˉ)=(AC+BDρ)+(BC)u+(AD)uˉ(A + Bu)(C + D\bar u) = (AC + BD\rho) + (BC)u + (AD)\bar u(A+Bu)(C+Duˉ)=(AC+BDρ)+(BC)u+(AD)uˉ

lies in K+Ku+KuˉK + Ku + K\bar uK+Ku+Kuˉ.

Where this sits. This is the elementary half of Theorem 3.3 (thm:two-planes, Two saturated conjugate planes) of the manuscript: the computation

x(C+Duˉ)=AC+BDq+BCu+ADuˉ∈L~x(C + D\bar u) = AC + BD q + BC u + AD \bar u \in \widetilde{\mathcal{L}}x(C+Duˉ)=AC+BDq+BCu+ADuˉ∈L

establishing U−⊆MxU_- \subseteq \mathcal{M}_xU−​⊆Mx​ for x=A+Bu∈U+x = A + Bu \in U_+x=A+Bu∈U+​, where U±=Qˉ⊕Qˉu±U_\pm = \bar{\mathbb{Q}} \oplus \bar{\mathbb{Q}}u^{\pm}U±​=Qˉ​⊕Qˉ​u± and L~=Qˉ+span⁡QˉL\widetilde{\mathcal{L}} = \bar{\mathbb{Q}} + \operatorname{span}_{\bar{\mathbb{Q}}}\mathcal{L}L=Qˉ​+spanQˉ​​L. With K=QˉK = \bar{\mathbb{Q}}K=Qˉ​ and uuu a Diaz candidate, the right-hand side is exactly a member of L~\widetilde{\mathcal{L}}L, since uuu and uˉ\bar uuˉ are logarithms.

The one thing that makes the identity work is u⋅uˉ∈Ku \cdot \bar u \in Ku⋅uˉ∈K: the product of the two "opposite" generators stays in the base. This is the whole content of the chirality in the manuscript's Corollary 3.4.

What is deliberately not claimed. The reverse inclusion Mx⊆U−\mathcal{M}_x \subseteq U_-Mx​⊆U−​ is Theorem 3.2, the multiplier bound dim⁡QˉMx≤2\dim_{\bar{\mathbb{Q}}}\mathcal{M}_x \le 2dimQˉ​​Mx​≤2, which is Roy's strong six exponentials theorem and is not available in Mathlib. Without it the saturation — the equality Mx=U−\mathcal{M}_x = U_-Mx​=U−​ — is not asserted, and neither is the "only if" half of the chiral multiplication law.

Elementary; possibly known, not checked against the literature.

Source. Carlo Perassi, Rigidity of logarithms with algebraic modulus — Around a conjecture of Diaz (private manuscript, 15 August 2026). The mathematics is his; this node only records one step of it in Lean, and claims no novelty of its own.

Preamble
import Mathlib
import Definitions.Def_Diaz_Closure
import Definitions.Def_Diaz_Instantiation

open ComplexConjugate
open Diaz
Formal statement
theorem Diaz.conj_planes_mul {K : Subfield ℂ} {u : ℂ} (hρ : u * conj u ∈ K)
    {A B C D : ℂ} (hA : A ∈ K) (hB : B ∈ K) (hC : C ∈ K) (hD : D ∈ K) :
    ∃ p q r : ℂ, p ∈ K ∧ q ∈ K ∧ r ∈ K ∧
      (A + B * u) * (C + D * conj u) = p + q * u + r * conj u := by sorry

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