Derivative of the cross term of two solutions of the eigenvalue equation on the line
ProvedFiniteEnergyPlane.hasDerivAt_im_conj_mul_of_eigenEqconley-zehnder-indexordinary-differential-equationssymplectic-geometrywinding-numbers
Let take symmetric values, let , and let . Let be differentiable maps (not necessarily periodic) with and on . Then for every ,
In particular, for the quantity is constant.
A differential identity for pairs of solutions of the eigenvalue equation of the asymptotic operator on the whole line, extending the corresponding identity for periodic eigenfunctions to arbitrary solutions.
Formalization Note , are ℝ → CauchyRiemannIndex.Vec 1 with Differentiable ℝ and the equation stated with deriv and Matrix.toEuclideanLin; symmetry is ∀ t, (S t).IsSymm (no continuity or periodicity assumed); is vecToC (FiniteEnergyPlane_Winding), and the conclusion is a HasDerivAt statement at every t.
Preamble
import Definitions.Def_FiniteEnergyPlane_Winding
Formal statement
namespace FiniteEnergyPlane
/-- Let `S : ℝ → ℝ^{2×2}` take symmetric values and let `x, y : ℝ → ℝ²` be differentiable
solutions on `ℝ` (not necessarily periodic) of `-J₀ x' - S x = μ₁ x` and `-J₀ y' - S y = μ₂ y`.
Read as maps into `ℂ`, the imaginary part of `conj x · y` has derivative
`(μ₂ - μ₁) Re(conj x · y)`. -/
theorem hasDerivAt_im_conj_mul_of_eigenEq (S : ℝ → CauchyRiemannIndex.Mat 1)
(hS : ∀ t, (S t).IsSymm) {μ₁ μ₂ : ℝ} {x y : ℝ → CauchyRiemannIndex.Vec 1}
(hx : Differentiable ℝ x)
(hxe : ∀ t, -(Matrix.toEuclideanLin (CauchyRiemannIndex.J₀ 1) (deriv x t)) -
Matrix.toEuclideanLin (S t) (x t) = μ₁ • x t)
(hy : Differentiable ℝ y)
(hye : ∀ t, -(Matrix.toEuclideanLin (CauchyRiemannIndex.J₀ 1) (deriv y t)) -
Matrix.toEuclideanLin (S t) (y t) = μ₂ • y t) (t : ℝ) :
HasDerivAt (fun s => (starRingEnd ℂ (vecToC (x s)) * vecToC (y s)).im)
((μ₂ - μ₁) * (starRingEnd ℂ (vecToC (x t)) * vecToC (y t)).re) t := by
sorry
end FiniteEnergyPlane
Source
C. Wendl, Lectures on Symplectic Field Theory (2026 notes), arXiv:1612.01009, Section 3.7, proof of Theorem 3.7.1; H. Hofer, K. Wysocki, E. Zehnder, GAFA 5 (1995), Section 3.