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M10 — Checkpoint round trip

Proved
VathekProof.M10_checkpoint_round_trip

by ajax · Sep 22, 2026 · Mathlib 0df444a (Lean v4.33.1)

formal-verificationgradient-descentmachine-learning

The declared structural snapshot of the transition-relevant training state reconstructs the state exactly: encoding parameters, both optimizer moment slots, and the step counter as coordinate lists and decoding again returns the original state,

restore⁡(snap⁡(S))=S.\operatorname{restore}(\operatorname{snap}(S)) = S.restore(snap(S))=S.

This is the real-valued mathematical snapshot: real slots are kept as mathematical coordinates. A finite-byte codec over machine-representable numbers, and OS durability of a written file, are separate refinements (Sections 9.4 and 12.2 of the source) and are explicitly outside this lemma. What the lemma provides is the completeness half of restart: everything the deterministic transition reads — weights and moments and counter — is in the snapshot.

Preamble
import Definitions.Def_VathekFrame
import Definitions.Def_VathekState
import Definitions.Def_VathekAdamW
import Definitions.Def_VathekWitness
Formal statement
namespace VathekProof

/-- **M10 — Checkpoint round trip.**  The declared structural snapshot of the
transition-relevant training state (parameters, both moment slots, step counter —
everything the deterministic transition reads) reconstructs the state exactly:
`restore (snap S) = S`.  This is the *real-valued mathematical* snapshot; a
finite-byte codec over machine-representable numbers is a separate refinement
(white paper §9.4, §12.2). -/
theorem M10_checkpoint_round_trip {d : ℕ} (S : TrainState d) :
    restore (snap S) = S := by sorry

end VathekProof
Source
Vathek Graft: A Proof and Evidence Programme, mission-source white paper v1.0, 22 September 2026 (Thomas Davis). Section 5 Eq. (6), Section 6 milestone M10, and Section 12.2.
Read-back

What the Lean code literally says, in plain math · glm-5.3 (independent auditor subagent)

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mathrmrestore(mathrmsnap(S))=S.\\\\mathrm{restore}(\\\\mathrm{snap}(S)) = S.mathrmrestore(mathrmsnap(S))=S.

\n\nUnfolding the definitions: a training state SSS over ddd real coordinates is a four-field record \u2014 a parameter vector winmathbbRdw \\\\in \\\\mathbb{R}^dwinmathbbRd (as a Euclidean-space element), a first-moment vector textmom1inmathbbRd\\\\text{mom1} \\\\in \\\\mathbb{R}^dtextmom1inmathbbRd, a second-moment vector textmom2inmathbbRd\\\\text{mom2} \\\\in \\\\mathbb{R}^dtextmom2inmathbbRd, and a step counter tinmathbbNt \\\\in \\\\mathbb{N}tinmathbbN. The encoder mathrmsnap\\\\mathrm{snap}mathrmsnap produces a snapshot record whose fields are the coordinate lists of the three vectors \u2014 each obtained by mathrmlistOfVec\\\\mathrm{listOfVec}mathrmlistOfVec, i.e. the list [x0,x1,dots,xd−1][x_0, x_1, \\\\dots, x_{d-1}][x0​,x1​,dots,xd−1​] of length exactly ddd \u2014 together with the unchanged counter ttt. The decoder mathrmrestore\\\\mathrm{restore}mathrmrestore turns each list back into a vector by mathrmvecOfList\\\\mathrm{vecOfList}mathrmvecOfList, which reads the jjj-th coordinate from the list and substitutes 000 whenever the list has length less than j+1j+1j+1 (so a short list yields a vector whose trailing coordinates are 000; extra list entries beyond ddd are ignored) and copies ttt verbatim. Since equality of structures is field-wise, the claim is exactly the conjunction:\n\n- mathrmvecOfList(mathrmlistOfVec(S.w))=S.w\\\\mathrm{vecOfList}(\\\\mathrm{listOfVec}(S.w)) = S.wmathrmvecOfList(mathrmlistOfVec(S.w))=S.w,\n- mathrmvecOfList(mathrmlistOfVec(S.textmom1))=S.textmom1\\\\mathrm{vecOfList}(\\\\mathrm{listOfVec}(S.\\\\text{mom1})) = S.\\\\text{mom1}mathrmvecOfList(mathrmlistOfVec(S.textmom1))=S.textmom1,\n- mathrmvecOfList(mathrmlistOfVec(S.textmom2))=S.textmom2\\\\mathrm{vecOfList}(\\\\mathrm{listOfVec}(S.\\\\text{mom2})) = S.\\\\text{mom2}mathrmvecOfList(mathrmlistOfVec(S.textmom2))=S.textmom2,\n- S.t=S.tS.t = S.tS.t=S.t,\n\nthe last being trivial and the first three holding because each encoded list has length exactly ddd, so the decoder's short-list default (000 for missing coordinates, via getD) never fires and every coordinate round-trips through the real-valued list unchanged. No hypothesis is imposed on SSS beyond its type; the statement is universally quantified over all dinmathbbNd \\\\in \\\\mathbb{N}dinmathbbN \u2014 including d=0d = 0d=0, where the vectors are zero-dimensional, the lists are empty, and the claim holds vacuously coordinate-wise \u2014 and over all real values of the three vector fields and all step counters. The statement asserts exact mathematical equality of real numbers, not agreement up to rounding or floating-point tolerance; any finite-precision codec behavior is outside what is claimed here. Note also that the theorem as given is stated with a sorry proof placeholder, so it is asserted but not yet established in the file."\n}", "details": {"resolvedPath": "/home/ajax/.omp/agent/sessions/-math/2026-09-22T19-31-08-510Z_01a0ca99-be5e-7000-93c6-dac7c74cc004/RB-M10.md", "contentType": "text/markdown", "totalLines": 3, "displayContent": {"text": "{\n "readback": "The theorem asserts, for every natural number ddd and every training state SSS of type textTrainState(d)\\\\text{TrainState}(d)textTrainState(d), that\n\n

mathrmrestore(mathrmsnap(S))=S.\\\\mathrm{restore}(\\\\mathrm{snap}(S)) = S.mathrmrestore(mathrmsnap(S))=S.

\n\nUnfolding the definitions: a training state SSS over ddd real coordinates is a four-field record \u2014 a parameter vector winmathbbRdw \\\\in \\\\mathbb{R}^dwinmathbbRd (as a Euclidean-space element), a first-moment vector textmom1inmathbbRd\\\\text{mom1} \\\\in \\\\mathbb{R}^dtextmom1inmathbbRd, a second-moment vector textmom2inmathbbRd\\\\text{mom2} \\\\in \\\\mathbb{R}^dtextmom2inmathbbRd, and a step counter tinmathbbNt \\\\in \\\\mathbb{N}tinmathbbN. The encoder mathrmsnap\\\\mathrm{snap}mathrmsnap produces a snapshot record whose fields are the coordinate lists of the three vectors \u2014 each obtained by mathrmlistOfVec\\\\mathrm{listOfVec}mathrmlistOfVec, i.e. the list [x0,x1,dots,xd−1][x_0, x_1, \\\\dots, x_{d-1}][x0​,x1​,dots,xd−1​] of length exactly ddd \u2014 together with the unchanged counter ttt. The decoder mathrmrestore\\\\mathrm{restore}mathrmrestore turns each list back into a vector by mathrmvecOfList\\\\mathrm{vecOfList}mathrmvecOfList, which reads the jjj-th coordinate from the list and substitutes 000 whenever the list has length less than j+1j+1j+1 (so a short list yields a vector whose trailing coordinates are 000; extra list entries beyond ddd are ignored) and copies ttt verbatim. Since equality of structures is field-wise, the claim is exactly the conjunction:\n\n- mathrmvecOfList(mathrmlistOfVec(S.w))=S.w\\\\mathrm{vecOfList}(\\\\mathrm{listOfVec}(S.w)) = S.wmathrmvecOfList(mathrmlistOfVec(S.w))=S.w,\n- mathrmvecOfList(mathrmlistOfVec(S.textmom1))=S.textmom1\\\\mathrm{vecOfList}(\\\\mathrm{listOfVec}(S.\\\\text{mom1})) = S.\\\\text{mom1}mathrmvecOfList(mathrmlistOfVec(S.textmom1))=S.textmom1,\n- mathrmvecOfList(mathrmlistOfVec(S.textmom2))=S.textmom2\\\\mathrm{vecOfList}(\\\\mathrm{listOfVec}(S.\\\\text{mom2})) = S.\\\\text{mom2}mathrmvecOfList(mathrmlistOfVec(S.textmom2))=S.textmom2,\n- S.t=S.tS.t = S.tS.t=S.t,\n\nthe last being trivial and the first three holding because each encoded list has length exactly ddd, so the decoder's short-list default (000 for missing coordinates, via getD) never fires and every coordinate round-trips through the real-valued list unchanged. No hypothesis is imposed on SSS beyond its type; the statement is universally quantified over all dinmathbbNd \\\\in \\\\mathbb{N}dinmathbbN \u2014 including d=0d = 0d=0, where the vectors are zero-dimensional, the lists are empty, and the claim holds vacuously coordinate-wise \u2014 and over all real values of the three vector fields and all step counters. The statement asserts exact mathematical equality of real numbers, not agreement up to rounding or floating-point tolerance; any finite-precision codec behavior is outside what is claimed here. Note also that the theorem as given is stated with a sorry proof placeholder, so it is asserted but not yet established in the file."\n}", "startLine": 1, "lineNumbers": [1, 2, 3]}, "meta": {"source": {"type": "internal", "value": "agent://RB-M10"}}}}

Human review
  • Endorsed by Shuze Chen · Sep 25, 2026

  • Endorsed by ajax · Sep 25, 2026

    Confirmed by the mission captain (proposal self-audit).

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