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Davie--Stothers fourth-power data

Definition
mme_stothers_fourth_data

by marwahaha · Aug 29, 2026 · Mathlib 777aaa6 (Lean v4.29.0-rc3)

algebraic-complexitycoppersmith-winogradlaser-methodmatrix-multiplication

This definition module records the finite data used by the Davie--Stothers fourth-power analysis.

It defines the literal parenthesized tensor

(CWq⊗CWq)⊗(CWq⊗CWq),(CW_q\otimes CW_q)\otimes(CW_q\otimes CW_q),(CWq​⊗CWq​)⊗(CWq​⊗CWq​),

its canonical grading by mode grades 0,…,80,\ldots,80,…,8, and every literal graded constituent. It also records the ten Table 1 representatives 008,017,026,035,044,116,125,134,224,233008,017,026,035,044,116,125,134,224,233008,017,026,035,044,116,125,134,224,233, their multiplicities, and their ten cubed value expressions using ρ=3τ\rho=3\tauρ=3τ.

Finally, it defines Equation (5.2)'s 9×109\times109×10 marginal map, the two displayed kernel vectors, the normalized frequency set ZZZ, the corrected stationary set N\mathcal NN, the entropy product in Lemma 5.2, and the complete right-hand side of Equation (5.3).

Formalization Note The journal's printed equations for N\mathcal NN are inconsistent with its displayed kernel and numerical data. InN uses the stationarity equations derived in Stothers's thesis, Chapter 4.2, pp. 78--79. The definition module is sorry-free and asserts no constituent value theorem.

Definition code
import Mathlib.Analysis.SpecialFunctions.Pow.Real
import Mathlib.Data.Fin.VecNotation
import Mathlib.LinearAlgebra.TensorProduct.Basis
import Definitions.Def_mme_CW_square_canonical_grading

/-!
# Source data for the Davie--Stothers fourth-power argument

This module records the literal fourth Coppersmith--Winograd power and the
finite data in Section 5 of Davie--Stothers.  It contains definitions only:
in particular, none of the constituent value bounds from Lemma 5.1 or the
global value inequality from Theorem 5.3 is assumed here.

The paper writes `rho` for the candidate matrix-multiplication exponent.
The platform's tau-value normalization is `rho = 3 * tau`, which is used in
`E`, `H`, `L`, and `classValue` below.
-/

open MME TensorProduct Module BigOperators

universe u

namespace MME.StothersFourth

set_option autoImplicit false

/-! ## The literal fourth power and its canonical nine-grading -/

/-- The parenthesized fourth power `(CW_q ⊗ CW_q) ⊗ (CW_q ⊗ CW_q)`.
This is the literal tensor used in Section 5, not a formal sum of its graded
constituents. -/
noncomputable def cwFourthObj
    (K : Type u) [Field K] (q : ℕ) : TensorObj K 3 :=
  TensorObj.kron
    (TensorObj.kron (CWObj K q) (CWObj K q))
    (TensorObj.kron (CWObj K q) (CWObj K q))

/-- Grade of a fourth-power basis coordinate.  It is the sum of the grades
of the two square coordinates, and hence lies in `{0, ..., 8}`. -/
def cwFourthPairGrade (q : ℕ)
    (p :
      (Fin (q + 2) × Fin (q + 2)) ×
      (Fin (q + 2) × Fin (q + 2))) : Fin 9 :=
  ⟨(cwSquarePairGrade q p.1).val + (cwSquarePairGrade q p.2).val, by
    omega⟩

private instance fourthScalarTower
    {K : Type u} [Field K] (V : Type u)
    [AddCommGroup V] [Module K V] : IsScalarTower K K V :=
  IsScalarTower.of_algebraMap_smul (by simp)

/-- Tensor-product basis used to form the nine graded pieces in each mode. -/
noncomputable def cwFourthCanonicalBasis
    (K : Type u) [Field K] (q : ℕ) (s : Fin 3) :
    Basis
      ((Fin (q + 2) × Fin (q + 2)) ×
       (Fin (q + 2) × Fin (q + 2)))
      K ((cwFourthObj K q).V s) := by
  exact Module.Basis.tensorProduct
    (cwSquareCanonicalBasis K q s)
    (cwSquareCanonicalBasis K q s)

/-- The canonical nine-grading of the literal fourth power. -/
noncomputable def cwFourthCanonicalGrading
    (K : Type u) [Field K] (q : ℕ) :
    (cwFourthObj K q).TypeGrading 9 where
  decomp s := cwBasisGrade (cwFourthCanonicalBasis K q s)
    (cwFourthPairGrade q)
  is_internal s := cwBasisGrade_isInternal
    (cwFourthCanonicalBasis K q s) (cwFourthPairGrade q)

/-- A grade triple `(I,J,L)` as a block type for an order-three tensor. -/
def cwFourthBlockType (I J L : Fin 9) : Fin 3 → Fin 9
  | ⟨0, _⟩ => I
  | ⟨1, _⟩ => J
  | ⟨2, _⟩ => L

/-- The literal `(I,J,L)` block constituent of `CW_q^4`. -/
noncomputable def cwFourthConstituent
    (K : Type u) [Field K] (q : ℕ) (I J L : Fin 9) : TensorObj K 3 :=
  (cwFourthCanonicalGrading K q).blockSubtensor
    (cwFourthBlockType I J L)

/-! ## Table 1 symmetry classes -/

/-- The ten representatives in Table 1, in the source order
`008, 017, 026, 035, 044, 116, 125, 134, 224, 233`. -/
def classRep : Fin 10 → Fin 3 → Fin 9 :=
  ![cwFourthBlockType 0 0 8,
    cwFourthBlockType 0 1 7,
    cwFourthBlockType 0 2 6,
    cwFourthBlockType 0 3 5,
    cwFourthBlockType 0 4 4,
    cwFourthBlockType 1 1 6,
    cwFourthBlockType 1 2 5,
    cwFourthBlockType 1 3 4,
    cwFourthBlockType 2 2 4,
    cwFourthBlockType 2 3 3]

/-- Table 1's `n_i`.  The full permutation class contains `3 * n_i`
constituents. -/
def classMultiplicity : Fin 10 → ℕ :=
  ![1, 2, 2, 2, 1, 1, 2, 2, 1, 1]

/-- Two grade triples lie in the same class when a permutation of the three
tensor modes takes one to the other. -/
def sameOrbit (σ ρ : Fin 3 → Fin 9) : Prop :=
  ∃ e : Equiv.Perm (Fin 3), ∀ s, σ s = ρ (e s)

/-- The orbit relation is finite and hence classically decidable.  Exporting
this instance lets finite class-cardinality statements use subtype notation
without adding local `classical` boilerplate. -/
noncomputable instance instDecidableSameOrbit
    (σ ρ : Fin 3 → Fin 9) : Decidable (sameOrbit σ ρ) :=
  Classical.propDecidable _

/-! ## Lemma 5.1 and Table 1 numerical data -/

/-- `E = (2q)^rho`, with `rho = 3 * tau`. -/
noncomputable def E (q : ℕ) (tau : ℝ) : ℝ :=
  ((2 * q : ℕ) : ℝ) ^ (3 * tau)

/-- `H = (q^2 + 2)^rho`, with `rho = 3 * tau`. -/
noncomputable def H (q : ℕ) (tau : ℝ) : ℝ :=
  (((q : ℝ) ^ (2 : ℕ)) + 2) ^ (3 * tau)

/-- `L = 4 q^rho (q^rho + 2)`, with `rho = 3 * tau`. -/
noncomputable def L (q : ℕ) (tau : ℝ) : ℝ :=
  4 * (q : ℝ) ^ (3 * tau) * ((q : ℝ) ^ (3 * tau) + 2)

/-- The ten `v_i` in Table 1.  Each entry is the *cube* of the
corresponding constituent-value lower bound. -/
noncomputable def classValue (q : ℕ) (tau : ℝ) : Fin 10 → ℝ :=
  ![1,
    (4 * (q : ℝ)) ^ (3 * tau),
    (6 * (q : ℝ) ^ (2 : ℕ) + 4) ^ (3 * tau),
    (4 * (q : ℝ) * ((q : ℝ) ^ (2 : ℕ) + 3)) ^ (3 * tau),
    ((q : ℝ) ^ (4 : ℕ) + 12 * (q : ℝ) ^ (2 : ℕ) + 6) ^
      (3 * tau),
    4 * (E q tau ^ (2 : ℕ) + 2 * L q tau),
    4 * (L q tau + E q tau * H q tau) * (2 * H q tau + L q tau) /
      H q tau,
    4 * (E q tau + L q tau) * (2 + 2 * E q tau + H q tau),
    (2 * H q tau + L q tau) ^ (2 : ℕ) *
      (2 + 2 * E q tau + H q tau) / H q tau,
    4 * (E q tau + L q tau) ^ (2 : ℕ) *
      (2 * H q tau + L q tau) / L q tau]

/-! ## Equation (5.2), its kernel, and the feasible sets -/

/-- The `9 × 10` marginal map `Q` displayed in Equation (5.2).
Lean indices are zero-based: `a 0` is the paper's `alpha_1`. -/
def Q (a : Fin 10 → ℝ) : Fin 9 → ℝ :=
  ![2 * a 0 + 2 * a 1 + 2 * a 2 + 2 * a 3 + a 4,
    2 * a 1 + 2 * a 5 + 2 * a 6 + 2 * a 7,
    2 * a 2 + 2 * a 6 + 2 * a 8 + a 9,
    2 * a 3 + 2 * a 7 + 2 * a 9,
    2 * a 4 + 2 * a 7 + a 8,
    2 * a 3 + 2 * a 6,
    2 * a 2 + a 5,
    2 * a 1,
    a 0]

/-- The first displayed kernel vector after Equation (5.2). -/
def kernelSigma : Fin 10 → ℝ :=
  ![0, 0, 1, 0, -2, -2, 0, 2, 0, -2]

/-- The second displayed kernel vector after Equation (5.2). -/
def kernelTau : Fin 10 → ℝ :=
  ![0, 0, 0, 1, -2, 0, -1, 1, 2, -2]

/-- The normalized frequency simplex `Z` from Section 5. -/
def InZ (a : Fin 10 → ℝ) : Prop :=
  (∀ i, 0 ≤ a i) ∧
    ∑ i, (classMultiplicity i : ℝ) * a i = 1

/-- The literal kernel predicate `Qx = 0`. -/
def InKernelQ (x : Fin 10 → ℝ) : Prop :=
  ∀ j, Q x j = 0

/-- The displayed two-dimensional parametrization of the kernel `Y` by the
vectors `kernelSigma` and `kernelTau`. -/
def InY (x : Fin 10 → ℝ) : Prop :=
  ∃ s t : ℝ, ∀ i,
    x i = s * kernelSigma i + t * kernelTau i

/-- The algebraic subset `N` used by Lemma 5.2.

The journal's printed equations on p. 368 are a typo: they do not follow
from its displayed kernel and are not satisfied by its numerical optimizer.
These are the stationarity equations derived on pp. 78--79 of Stothers's
thesis, translated to the journal's class order (the thesis swaps the final
two classes). -/
def InN (a : Fin 10 → ℝ) : Prop :=
  InZ a ∧
    a 2 * a 7 ^ (2 : ℕ) = a 4 * a 5 * a 9 ∧
    a 3 * a 7 * a 8 = a 4 * a 6 * a 9

/-- The paper's marginal vector `A = (1/3) Qa`. -/
noncomputable def marginal (a : Fin 10 → ℝ) (j : Fin 9) : ℝ :=
  Q a j / 3

/-! ## Lemma 5.2 entropy and Equation (5.3) -/

/-- The weighted product compared in Lemma 5.2:
`prod_i a_i^(n_i a_i)`. -/
noncomputable def entropyProduct (a : Fin 10 → ℝ) : ℝ :=
  ∏ i, Real.rpow (a i) ((classMultiplicity i : ℝ) * a i)

/-- The complete right-hand side of Equation (5.3), in the normalization
`rho = 3 * tau`.  The `v_i` supplied by `classValue` are already cubed,
which accounts for the exponent `a_i / 3`. -/
noncomputable def globalRate
    (q : ℕ) (tau : ℝ) (a b : Fin 10 → ℝ) : ℝ :=
  (∏ i,
      (Real.rpow (classValue q tau i) (a i / 3) *
        Real.rpow (a i) (a i) *
        Real.rpow (b i) (-b i)) ^ classMultiplicity i) *
    ∏ j, Real.rpow (marginal a j) (-marginal a j)

end MME.StothersFourth

Source
Davie and Stothers, Improved Bound for Complexity of Matrix Multiplication (2013), Section 5, Lemma 5.1, Tables 1-2, Equation (5.2), Lemma 5.2, Equation (5.3), printed pp. 363-368, https://www.maths.ed.ac.uk/~sandy/a11164.pdf; corrected stationarity equations: Stothers, On the Complexity of Matrix Multiplication (2010), Chapter 4.2, printed pp. 78-81, https://era.ed.ac.uk/bitstream/1842/4734/1/Stothers2010.pdf.
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What the Lean code literally says, in plain math · gpt-5

Blind read-back of Definition.lean

cwFourthObj

For every universe level uuu, every type K:Type uK : \mathrm{Type}\,uK:Typeu equipped with a field structure, and every natural number qqq, including q=0q=0q=0, this defines an order-333 tensor object by the explicitly parenthesized fourfold Kronecker product kron⁡(kron⁡(CWObj(K,q),CWObj(K,q)),kron⁡(CWObj(K,q),CWObj(K,q)))\operatorname{kron}(\operatorname{kron}(\mathrm{CWObj}(K,q),\mathrm{CWObj}(K,q)),\operatorname{kron}(\mathrm{CWObj}(K,q),\mathrm{CWObj}(K,q)))kron(kron(CWObj(K,q),CWObj(K,q)),kron(CWObj(K,q),CWObj(K,q))); the imported notions CWObj\mathrm{CWObj}CWObj, tensor object, and Kronecker product are not further defined by this file, and this declaration asserts no additional property of the resulting object.

cwFourthPairGrade

For every q∈Nq\in\mathbb Nq∈N, including q=0q=0q=0, and every p=((p00,p01),(p10,p11))p=((p_{00},p_{01}),(p_{10},p_{11}))p=((p00​,p01​),(p10​,p11​)) whose four entries lie in Fin⁡(q+2)\operatorname{Fin}(q+2)Fin(q+2), let gq(r)g_q(r)gq​(r) denote the underlying natural-number value of the imported grade cwSquarePairGrade(q,r)\mathrm{cwSquarePairGrade}(q,r)cwSquarePairGrade(q,r). This defines cwFourthPairGrade(q,p)∈Fin⁡(9)\mathrm{cwFourthPairGrade}(q,p)\in\operatorname{Fin}(9)cwFourthPairGrade(q,p)∈Fin(9) to be the finite index whose underlying value is exactly gq((p00,p01))+gq((p10,p11))g_q((p_{00},p_{01}))+g_q((p_{10},p_{11}))gq​((p00​,p01​))+gq​((p10​,p11​)); the supplied proof establishes that this sum is less than 999, so no reduction modulo 999 or truncation occurs.

fourthScalarTower

For every type K:Type uK : \mathrm{Type}\,uK:Typeu with a field structure and every type V:Type uV : \mathrm{Type}\,uV:Typeu with both an additive-commutative-group structure and a KKK-module structure, this private instance supplies an IsScalarTower⁡(K,K,V)\operatorname{IsScalarTower}(K,K,V)IsScalarTower(K,K,V) structure, using the scalar action induced by the algebra map; there are no further hypotheses on KKK or VVV.

cwFourthCanonicalBasis

For every type K:Type uK : \mathrm{Type}\,uK:Typeu with a field structure, every q∈Nq\in\mathbb Nq∈N, and every component s∈Fin⁡(3)s\in\operatorname{Fin}(3)s∈Fin(3), this noncomputably defines a KKK-basis of the sss-component of kron⁡(kron⁡(CWObj(K,q),CWObj(K,q)),kron⁡(CWObj(K,q),CWObj(K,q)))\operatorname{kron}(\operatorname{kron}(\mathrm{CWObj}(K,q),\mathrm{CWObj}(K,q)),\operatorname{kron}(\mathrm{CWObj}(K,q),\mathrm{CWObj}(K,q)))kron(kron(CWObj(K,q),CWObj(K,q)),kron(CWObj(K,q),CWObj(K,q))), indexed by (Fin⁡(q+2)×Fin⁡(q+2))×(Fin⁡(q+2)×Fin⁡(q+2))(\operatorname{Fin}(q+2)\times\operatorname{Fin}(q+2))\times(\operatorname{Fin}(q+2)\times\operatorname{Fin}(q+2))(Fin(q+2)×Fin(q+2))×(Fin(q+2)×Fin(q+2)), as the tensor-product basis of two copies of the imported basis cwSquareCanonicalBasis(K,q,s)\mathrm{cwSquareCanonicalBasis}(K,q,s)cwSquareCanonicalBasis(K,q,s); q=0q=0q=0 and each of s=0,1,2s=0,1,2s=0,1,2 are included.

cwFourthCanonicalGrading

For every type K:Type uK : \mathrm{Type}\,uK:Typeu with a field structure and every q∈Nq\in\mathbb Nq∈N, this noncomputably defines a 999-grade internal type grading of kron⁡(kron⁡(CWObj(K,q),CWObj(K,q)),kron⁡(CWObj(K,q),CWObj(K,q)))\operatorname{kron}(\operatorname{kron}(\mathrm{CWObj}(K,q),\mathrm{CWObj}(K,q)),\operatorname{kron}(\mathrm{CWObj}(K,q),\mathrm{CWObj}(K,q)))kron(kron(CWObj(K,q),CWObj(K,q)),kron(CWObj(K,q),CWObj(K,q))). For each component s∈Fin⁡(3)s\in\operatorname{Fin}(3)s∈Fin(3), its decomposition is the imported basis grading formed from the tensor-product basis of two copies of cwSquareCanonicalBasis(K,q,s)\mathrm{cwSquareCanonicalBasis}(K,q,s)cwSquareCanonicalBasis(K,q,s), with an index (r0,r1)(r_0,r_1)(r0​,r1​) assigned the Fin⁡(9)\operatorname{Fin}(9)Fin(9)-grade whose underlying value is cwSquarePairGrade(q,r0).val+cwSquarePairGrade(q,r1).val\mathrm{cwSquarePairGrade}(q,r_0).\mathrm{val}+\mathrm{cwSquarePairGrade}(q,r_1).\mathrm{val}cwSquarePairGrade(q,r0​).val+cwSquarePairGrade(q,r1​).val; its internality field is the corresponding imported theorem cwBasisGrade_isInternal\mathrm{cwBasisGrade\_isInternal}cwBasisGrade_isInternal, and no claim beyond the data required by the grading structure is added.

cwFourthBlockType

For every I,J,L∈Fin⁡(9)I,J,L\in\operatorname{Fin}(9)I,J,L∈Fin(9), this defines a function Fin⁡(3)→Fin⁡(9)\operatorname{Fin}(3)\to\operatorname{Fin}(9)Fin(3)→Fin(9) that sends 000 to III, 111 to JJJ, and 222 to LLL; these are all possible inputs in Fin⁡(3)\operatorname{Fin}(3)Fin(3).

cwFourthConstituent

For every type K:Type uK : \mathrm{Type}\,uK:Typeu with a field structure, every q∈Nq\in\mathbb Nq∈N, and every I,J,L∈Fin⁡(9)I,J,L\in\operatorname{Fin}(9)I,J,L∈Fin(9), this noncomputably defines an order-333 tensor object as the block subtensor, at componentwise grades (I,J,L)(I,J,L)(I,J,L), of the 999-grade internal grading of the fourfold Kronecker object kron⁡(kron⁡(CWObj(K,q),CWObj(K,q)),kron⁡(CWObj(K,q),CWObj(K,q)))\operatorname{kron}(\operatorname{kron}(\mathrm{CWObj}(K,q),\mathrm{CWObj}(K,q)),\operatorname{kron}(\mathrm{CWObj}(K,q),\mathrm{CWObj}(K,q)))kron(kron(CWObj(K,q),CWObj(K,q)),kron(CWObj(K,q),CWObj(K,q))); that grading is obtained in each component from the tensor-product canonical basis and assigns a pair of square-basis indices the sum of their two imported square-pair grades, as an element of Fin⁡(9)\operatorname{Fin}(9)Fin(9).

classRep

This defines a function from Fin⁡(10)\operatorname{Fin}(10)Fin(10) to functions Fin⁡(3)→Fin⁡(9)\operatorname{Fin}(3)\to\operatorname{Fin}(9)Fin(3)→Fin(9). Identifying each such function with its ordered triple of values at 0,1,20,1,20,1,2, its ten values, in index order 0,…,90,\ldots,90,…,9, are exactly (0,0,8)(0,0,8)(0,0,8), (0,1,7)(0,1,7)(0,1,7), (0,2,6)(0,2,6)(0,2,6), (0,3,5)(0,3,5)(0,3,5), (0,4,4)(0,4,4)(0,4,4), (1,1,6)(1,1,6)(1,1,6), (1,2,5)(1,2,5)(1,2,5), (1,3,4)(1,3,4)(1,3,4), (2,2,4)(2,2,4)(2,2,4), and (2,3,3)(2,3,3)(2,3,3).

classMultiplicity

This defines a natural-number-valued function on Fin⁡(10)\operatorname{Fin}(10)Fin(10) whose values at indices 0,…,90,\ldots,90,…,9 are exactly (1,2,2,2,1,1,2,2,1,1)(1,2,2,2,1,1,2,2,1,1)(1,2,2,2,1,1,2,2,1,1), respectively.

sameOrbit

For arbitrary functions σ,ρ:Fin⁡(3)→Fin⁡(9)\sigma,\rho:\operatorname{Fin}(3)\to\operatorname{Fin}(9)σ,ρ:Fin(3)→Fin(9), sameOrbit(σ,ρ)\mathrm{sameOrbit}(\sigma,\rho)sameOrbit(σ,ρ) means that there exists a permutation eee of the three-element set Fin⁡(3)\operatorname{Fin}(3)Fin(3) such that σ(s)=ρ(e(s))\sigma(s)=\rho(e(s))σ(s)=ρ(e(s)) for every s∈Fin⁡(3)s\in\operatorname{Fin}(3)s∈Fin(3); the declaration requires existence of at least one such permutation, not uniqueness of the permutation, and imposes no condition on the sums or repetition patterns of the values of either function.

instDecidableSameOrbit

For every pair of functions σ,ρ:Fin⁡(3)→Fin⁡(9)\sigma,\rho:\operatorname{Fin}(3)\to\operatorname{Fin}(9)σ,ρ:Fin(3)→Fin(9), this noncomputable instance supplies a classical decision between the proposition that some permutation eee satisfies σ(s)=ρ(e(s))\sigma(s)=\rho(e(s))σ(s)=ρ(e(s)) for all sss, and its negation; it uses classical proposition decidability and does not provide a computational orbit test.

E

For every q∈Nq\in\mathbb Nq∈N and every τ∈R\tau\in\mathbb Rτ∈R, this noncomputably defines E(q,τ)=Real.rpow⁡(2q,3τ)E(q,\tau)=\operatorname{Real.rpow}(2q,3\tau)E(q,τ)=Real.rpow(2q,3τ), where 2q2q2q is first computed as a natural number and then viewed as a real. There is no restriction on qqq or τ\tauτ; in particular, at q=0q=0q=0 this uses the total real-power convention, with Real.rpow⁡(0,0)=1\operatorname{Real.rpow}(0,0)=1Real.rpow(0,0)=1 and Real.rpow⁡(0,r)=0\operatorname{Real.rpow}(0,r)=0Real.rpow(0,r)=0 for r≠0r\ne0r=0.

H

For every q∈Nq\in\mathbb Nq∈N and every τ∈R\tau\in\mathbb Rτ∈R, this noncomputably defines H(q,τ)=Real.rpow⁡(q2+2,3τ)H(q,\tau)=\operatorname{Real.rpow}(q^2+2,3\tau)H(q,τ)=Real.rpow(q2+2,3τ), where qqq is viewed as a real and q2q^2q2 is an ordinary natural-exponent square; the base is positive even when q=0q=0q=0, and τ\tauτ may be negative, zero, or positive.

L

For every q∈Nq\in\mathbb Nq∈N and every τ∈R\tau\in\mathbb Rτ∈R, this noncomputably defines L(q,τ)=4 Real.rpow⁡(q,3τ)(Real.rpow⁡(q,3τ)+2)L(q,\tau)=4\,\operatorname{Real.rpow}(q,3\tau)\bigl(\operatorname{Real.rpow}(q,3\tau)+2\bigr)L(q,τ)=4Real.rpow(q,3τ)(Real.rpow(q,3τ)+2), with qqq viewed as a real. No nonzero or positivity hypothesis is imposed: q=0q=0q=0 is included, giving L(0,τ)=0L(0,\tau)=0L(0,τ)=0 when τ≠0\tau\ne0τ=0 under the total real-power convention and L(0,0)=12L(0,0)=12L(0,0)=12.

classValue

For every q∈Nq\in\mathbb Nq∈N and τ∈R\tau\in\mathbb Rτ∈R, write R(x,r)=Real.rpow⁡(x,r)R(x,r)=\operatorname{Real.rpow}(x,r)R(x,r)=Real.rpow(x,r), e=R(2q,3τ)e=R(2q,3\tau)e=R(2q,3τ), h=R(q2+2,3τ)h=R(q^2+2,3\tau)h=R(q2+2,3τ), and ℓ=4R(q,3τ)(R(q,3τ)+2)\ell=4R(q,3\tau)(R(q,3\tau)+2)ℓ=4R(q,3τ)(R(q,3τ)+2). This noncomputably defines the real-valued function on Fin⁡(10)\operatorname{Fin}(10)Fin(10) whose values v0,…,v9v_0,\ldots,v_9v0​,…,v9​ are exactly (1, R(4q,3τ), R(6q2+4,3τ), R(4q(q2+3),3τ), R(q4+12q2+6,3τ), 4(e2+2ℓ), 4(ℓ+eh)(2h+ℓ)/h, 4(e+ℓ)(2+2e+h), (2h+ℓ)2(2+2e+h)/h, 4(e+ℓ)2(2h+ℓ)/ℓ)\bigl(1,\ R(4q,3\tau),\ R(6q^2+4,3\tau),\ R(4q(q^2+3),3\tau),\ R(q^4+12q^2+6,3\tau),\ 4(e^2+2\ell),\ 4(\ell+eh)(2h+\ell)/h,\ 4(e+\ell)(2+2e+h),\ (2h+\ell)^2(2+2e+h)/h,\ 4(e+\ell)^2(2h+\ell)/\ell\bigr)(1, R(4q,3τ), R(6q2+4,3τ), R(4q(q2+3),3τ), R(q4+12q2+6,3τ), 4(e2+2ℓ), 4(ℓ+eh)(2h+ℓ)/h, 4(e+ℓ)(2+2e+h), (2h+ℓ)2(2+2e+h)/h, 4(e+ℓ)2(2h+ℓ)/ℓ), where the displayed squares and fourth power are ordinary natural-exponent powers. The definition has no restriction on qqq or τ\tauτ; in particular ℓ\ellℓ can be 000, and real division is total, so a quotient with denominator 000 is defined using x/0=0x/0=0x/0=0, rather than making the function partial.

Q

For every real vector a=(a0,…,a9)a=(a_0,\ldots,a_9)a=(a0​,…,a9​) indexed by Fin⁡(10)\operatorname{Fin}(10)Fin(10), with no sign or normalization assumption, this defines the real vector Q(a)Q(a)Q(a) indexed by Fin⁡(9)\operatorname{Fin}(9)Fin(9) to be (2a0+2a1+2a2+2a3+a4, 2a1+2a5+2a6+2a7, 2a2+2a6+2a8+a9, 2a3+2a7+2a9, 2a4+2a7+a8, 2a3+2a6, 2a2+a5, 2a1, a0)\bigl(2a_0+2a_1+2a_2+2a_3+a_4,\ 2a_1+2a_5+2a_6+2a_7,\ 2a_2+2a_6+2a_8+a_9,\ 2a_3+2a_7+2a_9,\ 2a_4+2a_7+a_8,\ 2a_3+2a_6,\ 2a_2+a_5,\ 2a_1,\ a_0\bigr)(2a0​+2a1​+2a2​+2a3​+a4​, 2a1​+2a5​+2a6​+2a7​, 2a2​+2a6​+2a8​+a9​, 2a3​+2a7​+2a9​, 2a4​+2a7​+a8​, 2a3​+2a6​, 2a2​+a5​, 2a1​, a0​).

kernelSigma

This defines the real vector indexed by Fin⁡(10)\operatorname{Fin}(10)Fin(10) with coordinates, in index order 0,…,90,\ldots,90,…,9, exactly (0,0,1,0,−2,−2,0,2,0,−2)(0,0,1,0,-2,-2,0,2,0,-2)(0,0,1,0,−2,−2,0,2,0,−2).

kernelTau

This defines the real vector indexed by Fin⁡(10)\operatorname{Fin}(10)Fin(10) with coordinates, in index order 0,…,90,\ldots,90,…,9, exactly (0,0,0,1,−2,0,−1,1,2,−2)(0,0,0,1,-2,0,-1,1,2,-2)(0,0,0,1,−2,0,−1,1,2,−2).

InZ

For every real vector a=(a0,…,a9)a=(a_0,\ldots,a_9)a=(a0​,…,a9​), InZ(a)\mathrm{InZ}(a)InZ(a) means exactly that every coordinate is nonnegative, ai≥0a_i\ge0ai​≥0 for all i=0,…,9i=0,\ldots,9i=0,…,9, and that a0+2a1+2a2+2a3+a4+a5+2a6+2a7+a8+a9=1a_0+2a_1+2a_2+2a_3+a_4+a_5+2a_6+2a_7+a_8+a_9=1a0​+2a1​+2a2​+2a3​+a4​+a5​+2a6​+2a7​+a8​+a9​=1; zero coordinates are allowed, and there is no strict-positivity condition.

InKernelQ

For every real vector x=(x0,…,x9)x=(x_0,\ldots,x_9)x=(x0​,…,x9​), InKernelQ(x)\mathrm{InKernelQ}(x)InKernelQ(x) means that all nine coordinates of Q(x)Q(x)Q(x) vanish, namely 2x0+2x1+2x2+2x3+x4=02x_0+2x_1+2x_2+2x_3+x_4=02x0​+2x1​+2x2​+2x3​+x4​=0, 2x1+2x5+2x6+2x7=02x_1+2x_5+2x_6+2x_7=02x1​+2x5​+2x6​+2x7​=0, 2x2+2x6+2x8+x9=02x_2+2x_6+2x_8+x_9=02x2​+2x6​+2x8​+x9​=0, 2x3+2x7+2x9=02x_3+2x_7+2x_9=02x3​+2x7​+2x9​=0, 2x4+2x7+x8=02x_4+2x_7+x_8=02x4​+2x7​+x8​=0, 2x3+2x6=02x_3+2x_6=02x3​+2x6​=0, 2x2+x5=02x_2+x_5=02x2​+x5​=0, 2x1=02x_1=02x1​=0, and x0=0x_0=0x0​=0.

InY

For every real vector x=(x0,…,x9)x=(x_0,\ldots,x_9)x=(x0​,…,x9​), InY(x)\mathrm{InY}(x)InY(x) means that there exist real numbers sss and ttt such that x=(0,0,s,t,−2s−2t,−2s,−t,2s+t,2t,−2s−2t)x=(0,0,s,t,-2s-2t,-2s,-t,2s+t,2t,-2s-2t)x=(0,0,s,t,−2s−2t,−2s,−t,2s+t,2t,−2s−2t); the definition asks only for existence of witnesses s,ts,ts,t, imposes no sign or normalization condition on them or on xxx, and does not itself state uniqueness.

InN

For every real vector a=(a0,…,a9)a=(a_0,\ldots,a_9)a=(a0​,…,a9​), InN(a)\mathrm{InN}(a)InN(a) means simultaneously that ai≥0a_i\ge0ai​≥0 for every iii, that a0+2a1+2a2+2a3+a4+a5+2a6+2a7+a8+a9=1a_0+2a_1+2a_2+2a_3+a_4+a_5+2a_6+2a_7+a_8+a_9=1a0​+2a1​+2a2​+2a3​+a4​+a5​+2a6​+2a7​+a8​+a9​=1, that a2a72=a4a5a9a_2a_7^2=a_4a_5a_9a2​a72​=a4​a5​a9​, and that a3a7a8=a4a6a9a_3a_7a_8=a_4a_6a_9a3​a7​a8​=a4​a6​a9​; all powers in these two equations are ordinary natural-exponent powers, and zero coordinates are permitted.

marginal

For every real vector a=(a0,…,a9)a=(a_0,\ldots,a_9)a=(a0​,…,a9​) and every j∈Fin⁡(9)j\in\operatorname{Fin}(9)j∈Fin(9), this noncomputably defines marginal(a,j)\mathrm{marginal}(a,j)marginal(a,j) as one third of the jjj-th coordinate of Q(a)Q(a)Q(a). Thus the nine marginal values are exactly 13(2a0+2a1+2a2+2a3+a4, 2a1+2a5+2a6+2a7, 2a2+2a6+2a8+a9, 2a3+2a7+2a9, 2a4+2a7+a8, 2a3+2a6, 2a2+a5, 2a1, a0)\frac{1}{3}\bigl(2a_0+2a_1+2a_2+2a_3+a_4,\ 2a_1+2a_5+2a_6+2a_7,\ 2a_2+2a_6+2a_8+a_9,\ 2a_3+2a_7+2a_9,\ 2a_4+2a_7+a_8,\ 2a_3+2a_6,\ 2a_2+a_5,\ 2a_1,\ a_0\bigr)31​(2a0​+2a1​+2a2​+2a3​+a4​, 2a1​+2a5​+2a6​+2a7​, 2a2​+2a6​+2a8​+a9​, 2a3​+2a7​+2a9​, 2a4​+2a7​+a8​, 2a3​+2a6​, 2a2​+a5​, 2a1​, a0​), with no sign or normalization hypothesis on aaa.

entropyProduct

For every real vector a=(a0,…,a9)a=(a_0,\ldots,a_9)a=(a0​,…,a9​), this noncomputably defines entropyProduct(a)\mathrm{entropyProduct}(a)entropyProduct(a) as Real.rpow⁡(a0,a0)Real.rpow⁡(a1,2a1)Real.rpow⁡(a2,2a2)Real.rpow⁡(a3,2a3)Real.rpow⁡(a4,a4)Real.rpow⁡(a5,a5)Real.rpow⁡(a6,2a6)Real.rpow⁡(a7,2a7)Real.rpow⁡(a8,a8)Real.rpow⁡(a9,a9)\operatorname{Real.rpow}(a_0,a_0)\operatorname{Real.rpow}(a_1,2a_1)\operatorname{Real.rpow}(a_2,2a_2)\operatorname{Real.rpow}(a_3,2a_3)\operatorname{Real.rpow}(a_4,a_4)\operatorname{Real.rpow}(a_5,a_5)\operatorname{Real.rpow}(a_6,2a_6)\operatorname{Real.rpow}(a_7,2a_7)\operatorname{Real.rpow}(a_8,a_8)\operatorname{Real.rpow}(a_9,a_9)Real.rpow(a0​,a0​)Real.rpow(a1​,2a1​)Real.rpow(a2​,2a2​)Real.rpow(a3​,2a3​)Real.rpow(a4​,a4​)Real.rpow(a5​,a5​)Real.rpow(a6​,2a6​)Real.rpow(a7​,2a7​)Real.rpow(a8​,a8​)Real.rpow(a9​,a9​). The definition assumes neither nonnegativity nor positivity, so it uses the imported total real-power operation even at negative or zero bases; in particular a zero coordinate contributes Real.rpow⁡(0,0)=1\operatorname{Real.rpow}(0,0)=1Real.rpow(0,0)=1.

globalRate

For every q∈Nq\in\mathbb Nq∈N, every τ∈R\tau\in\mathbb Rτ∈R, and arbitrary real vectors a=(a0,…,a9)a=(a_0,\ldots,a_9)a=(a0​,…,a9​) and b=(b0,…,b9)b=(b_0,\ldots,b_9)b=(b0​,…,b9​), let R(x,r)=Real.rpow⁡(x,r)R(x,r)=\operatorname{Real.rpow}(x,r)R(x,r)=Real.rpow(x,r), e=R(2q,3τ)e=R(2q,3\tau)e=R(2q,3τ), h=R(q2+2,3τ)h=R(q^2+2,3\tau)h=R(q2+2,3τ), ℓ=4R(q,3τ)(R(q,3τ)+2)\ell=4R(q,3\tau)(R(q,3\tau)+2)ℓ=4R(q,3τ)(R(q,3τ)+2), m=(1,2,2,2,1,1,2,2,1,1)m=(1,2,2,2,1,1,2,2,1,1)m=(1,2,2,2,1,1,2,2,1,1), v=(1,R(4q,3τ),R(6q2+4,3τ),R(4q(q2+3),3τ),R(q4+12q2+6,3τ),4(e2+2ℓ),4(ℓ+eh)(2h+ℓ)/h,4(e+ℓ)(2+2e+h),(2h+ℓ)2(2+2e+h)/h,4(e+ℓ)2(2h+ℓ)/ℓ)v=\bigl(1,R(4q,3\tau),R(6q^2+4,3\tau),R(4q(q^2+3),3\tau),R(q^4+12q^2+6,3\tau),4(e^2+2\ell),4(\ell+eh)(2h+\ell)/h,4(e+\ell)(2+2e+h),(2h+\ell)^2(2+2e+h)/h,4(e+\ell)^2(2h+\ell)/\ell\bigr)v=(1,R(4q,3τ),R(6q2+4,3τ),R(4q(q2+3),3τ),R(q4+12q2+6,3τ),4(e2+2ℓ),4(ℓ+eh)(2h+ℓ)/h,4(e+ℓ)(2+2e+h),(2h+ℓ)2(2+2e+h)/h,4(e+ℓ)2(2h+ℓ)/ℓ), and c=(2a0+2a1+2a2+2a3+a4,2a1+2a5+2a6+2a7,2a2+2a6+2a8+a9,2a3+2a7+2a9,2a4+2a7+a8,2a3+2a6,2a2+a5,2a1,a0)c=\bigl(2a_0+2a_1+2a_2+2a_3+a_4,2a_1+2a_5+2a_6+2a_7,2a_2+2a_6+2a_8+a_9,2a_3+2a_7+2a_9,2a_4+2a_7+a_8,2a_3+2a_6,2a_2+a_5,2a_1,a_0\bigr)c=(2a0​+2a1​+2a2​+2a3​+a4​,2a1​+2a5​+2a6​+2a7​,2a2​+2a6​+2a8​+a9​,2a3​+2a7​+2a9​,2a4​+2a7​+a8​,2a3​+2a6​,2a2​+a5​,2a1​,a0​). This noncomputably defines globalRate(q,τ,a,b)=(∏i=09[R(vi,ai/3) R(ai,ai) R(bi,−bi)]mi)(∏j=08R(cj/3,−cj/3))\mathrm{globalRate}(q,\tau,a,b)=\left(\prod_{i=0}^{9}\left[R(v_i,a_i/3)\,R(a_i,a_i)\,R(b_i,-b_i)\right]^{m_i}\right)\left(\prod_{j=0}^{8}R(c_j/3,-c_j/3)\right)globalRate(q,τ,a,b)=(∏i=09​[R(vi​,ai​/3)R(ai​,ai​)R(bi​,−bi​)]mi​)(∏j=08​R(cj​/3,−cj​/3)), where the outer exponent mim_imi​ is an ordinary natural-number power, while every occurrence of RRR is total real exponentiation. There are no sign, normalization, nonzero-denominator, or range hypotheses: q=0q=0q=0, zero or negative coordinates, zero marginals, and a possible ℓ=0\ell=0ℓ=0 are all included, with real division by 000 totalized as x/0=0x/0=0x/0=0.

Human review
  • Endorsed by Shuze Chen · Aug 30, 2026

  • Endorsed by marwahaha · Aug 30, 2026

    Confirmed by the mission captain (proposal self-audit).

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