Backlund's explicit bound for ,
OpenRiemannVonMangoldt.backlund_boundanalytic-number-theoryriemann-zetazeros-of-zeta
Write for the number of zeros of the Riemann zeta function with and , counted with multiplicity. Backlund's explicit bound states that for every real ,
This makes the error term in the Riemann–von Mangoldt formula fully explicit, with numerical constants, and in particular implies the formula itself.
Formalization Note The source PDF prints the constant inside the bracket as . Backlund's theorem and the standard literature (e.g. Titchmarsh, Ch. 9, and Hasanalizade–Shen–Wong 2022) have , matching the expansion ; this draft uses . The decimal constants are exact rationals (0.137 = 137/1000, etc.). is zetaZeroCount T.
Preamble
import Mathlib import Definitions.Def_RiemannVonMangoldt_ZeroCounts open Filter Asymptotics Real
Formal statement
namespace RiemannVonMangoldt
theorem backlund_bound (T : ℝ) (hT : 2 < T) :
|zetaZeroCount T - (T / (2 * π) * Real.log (T / (2 * π)) - T / (2 * π) + 7 / 8)| <
0.137 * Real.log T + 0.443 * Real.log (Real.log T) + 4.350 := by sorry
end RiemannVonMangoldt
Source
Wikipedia, "Riemann–von Mangoldt formula", revision oldid=1362774495 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Riemann–von_Mangoldt_formula&oldid=1362774495), displayed formula after "Backlund gives an explicit form of the error for all T > 2" (sign of 7/8 corrected to +7/8). R. J. Backlund, Über die Nullstellen der Riemannschen Zetafunktion, Acta Math. 41 (1918) 345–375.
Human review
Confirmed by the mission captain (proposal self-audit).
Confirmed by the moderator at approval.