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A weakly JJJ-holomorphic map is JJJ-holomorphic, and (u,∂su)(u,\partial_s u)(u,∂s​u) is weakly JTJ^TJT-holomorphic

Proved
JHolomorphic.tangent_isWeakJHolomorphicOn

by Mazecto · Oct 21, 2026 · Mathlib 0df444a (Lean v4.33.1)

elliptic-regularitypseudoholomorphic-curvessymplectic-geometry

Let p>2p>2p>2, let EEE be a finite-dimensional real normed space and let JJJ be a smooth almost complex structure on an open set O⊆EO\subseteq EO⊆E. Let U⊆CU\subseteq\mathbb{C}U⊆C be open and let u:U→Ou:U\to Ou:U→O be continuous, with u∈Wloc1,p(U)u\in W^{1,p}_{\mathrm{loc}}(U)u∈Wloc1,p​(U) and ∂su+J(u) ∂tu=0\partial_su+J(u)\,\partial_tu=0∂s​u+J(u)∂t​u=0 almost everywhere on UUU for its weak partial derivatives. Then:

  1. uuu is differentiable at every point of UUU and ∂su+J(u) ∂tu=0\partial_su+J(u)\,\partial_tu=0∂s​u+J(u)∂t​u=0 holds at every point of UUU (classical derivatives);
  2. the map w(z)=(u(z),∂su(z))w(z)=(u(z),\partial_su(z))w(z)=(u(z),∂s​u(z)) is continuous on UUU with values in O×EO\times EO×E, lies in Wloc1,p(U)W^{1,p}_{\mathrm{loc}}(U)Wloc1,p​(U), and satisfies ∂sw+JT(w) ∂tw=0\partial_sw+J^T(w)\,\partial_tw=0∂s​w+JT(w)∂t​w=0 almost everywhere on UUU, where JT(x,y)(a,b)=(J(x)a,  J(x)b+DJ(x)[y] a)J^T(x,y)(a,b)=\big(J(x)a,\;J(x)b+DJ(x)[y]\,a\big)JT(x,y)(a,b)=(J(x)a,J(x)b+DJ(x)[y]a) is the tangent almost complex structure on O×EO\times EO×E.

Formalization Note The hypothesis is IsWeakJHolomorphicOn p J O U u. Conclusion 1 is IsJHolomorphicOn J U u; conclusion 2 is IsWeakJHolomorphicOn p J^T (O ×ˢ Set.univ) U (fun z => (u z, fderiv ℝ u z 1)), with ∂su(z)\partial_su(z)∂s​u(z) the classical derivative fderiv ℝ u z 1 and JTJ^TJT written inline as ((J x.1).comp fst).prod ((J x.1).comp snd + (fderiv ℝ J x.1 x.2).comp fst). E×EE\times EE×E carries the product norm. As in Wendl, the case E=CnE=\mathbb{C}^nE=Cn on a disc is the classical one; here the domain is any open UUU and JJJ is only defined on OOO.

Preamble
import Definitions.Def_JHolomorphic_Setting
Formal statement
namespace JHolomorphic

open MeasureTheory
open scoped ContDiff

/-- Let `p > 2` and let `J` be a smooth almost complex structure on an open set `O ⊆ E`. A
`W^{1,p}_loc` solution `u` of `∂ₛu + J(u) ∂ₜu = 0` on an open set `U ⊆ ℂ`, continuous with
values in `O`, is differentiable and `J`-holomorphic at every point of `U`, and the map
`z ↦ (u(z), ∂ₛu(z))` is a `W^{1,p}_loc` solution on `U` for the tangent almost complex structure
`J^T(x, y)(a, b) = (J(x) a, J(x) b + DJ(x)[y] a)` on `O × E`. -/
theorem tangent_isWeakJHolomorphicOn {E : Type*} [NormedAddCommGroup E] [NormedSpace ℝ E]
    [FiniteDimensional ℝ E] (p : ℝ) (hp : 2 < p)
    (J : E → E →L[ℝ] E) (O : Set E) (hJ : IsAlmostComplexOn J O) (U : Set ℂ) (hU : IsOpen U)
    (u : ℂ → E) (hu : IsWeakJHolomorphicOn p J O U u) :
    IsJHolomorphicOn J U u ∧
      IsWeakJHolomorphicOn p
        (fun x : E × E => ((J x.1).comp (ContinuousLinearMap.fst ℝ E E)).prod
          ((J x.1).comp (ContinuousLinearMap.snd ℝ E E) +
            (fderiv ℝ J x.1 x.2).comp (ContinuousLinearMap.fst ℝ E E)))
        (O ×ˢ Set.univ) U (fun z => (u z, fderiv ℝ u z 1)) := by
  sorry

end JHolomorphic
Source
C. Wendl, Lectures on Symplectic Field Theory, arXiv:1612.01009, https://arxiv.org/abs/1612.01009, Lecture 2, §2.5 (regularity of JJJ-holomorphic maps)

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