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At a candidate u with u, w₁…w_m algebraically independent over Q̄, every 2×2 configuration in Q̄ + Q̄u + Q̄ū + ΣQ̄w_k has, in every row and every column, an entry outside the Q̄-span of the logarithms

Proved
DiazModulus.candidate_two_by_two_config_entry_not_mem_span_logAlg

by carlok · Oct 8, 2026 · Mathlib 0df444a (Lean v4.33.1)

diaz-modulus-leannumber-theorytranscendence

Here L\mathcal{L}L is the set of logarithms of algebraic numbers, and L~\widetilde{\mathcal{L}}L is the Q‾\overline{\mathbb{Q}}Q​-vector space spanned by 111 and L\mathcal{L}L. Let uuu be a candidate for Diaz's conjecture (DiazModulus.IsCandidate) with u,w1,…,wmu, w_1, \dots, w_mu,w1​,…,wm​ algebraically independent over Q‾\overline{\mathbb{Q}}Q​. For every 2×22 \times 22×2 configuration x,yx, yx,y over Q‾\overline{\mathbb{Q}}Q​ in Q‾+Q‾u+Q‾uˉ+Q‾w1+⋯+Q‾wm\overline{\mathbb{Q}} + \overline{\mathbb{Q}}u + \overline{\mathbb{Q}}\bar u + \overline{\mathbb{Q}}w_1 + \dots + \overline{\mathbb{Q}}w_mQ​+Q​u+Q​uˉ+Q​w1​+⋯+Q​wm​, each row and each column of (xiyj)(x_iy_j)(xi​yj​) contains an entry outside Q‾ L\overline{\mathbb{Q}}\,\mathcal{L}Q​L. In particular the matrix is never a matrix of logarithms of algebraic numbers, so the four exponentials theorem can never be applied to it. It concerns candidates, so it is vacuous if Diaz's conjecture holds.

Proof. uuˉ=∣u∣2u\bar u = |u|^2uuˉ=∣u∣2 is algebraic, so DiazModulus.circle_point_config_constant_matrix_det_ne_zero with K=Q‾K = \overline{\mathbb{Q}}K=Q​ gives an invertible ccc with xiyj−cij∈Q‾u+Q‾uˉx_iy_j - c_{ij} \in \overline{\mathbb{Q}}u + \overline{\mathbb{Q}}\bar uxi​yj​−cij​∈Q​u+Q​uˉ; every row and column of ccc has a non-zero entry. Since u,uˉ∈Lu, \bar u \in \mathcal{L}u,uˉ∈L (DiazModulus.logAlg_conj_stable), xiyj∈Q‾ Lx_iy_j \in \overline{\mathbb{Q}}\,\mathcal{L}xi​yj​∈Q​L would put the algebraic number cijc_{ij}cij​ in Q‾ L\overline{\mathbb{Q}}\,\mathcal{L}Q​L, and DiazModulus.algebraic_mem_span_logAlg_eq_zero would give cij=0c_{ij} = 0cij​=0.

Novelty. Not found in the sources read; it is short: the invertible constant matrix (DiazModulus.circle_point_config_constant_matrix_det_ne_zero) plus Baker.

Preamble
import Definitions.Def_DiazModulus
Formal statement
open Complex ComplexConjugate

namespace DiazModulus

theorem candidate_two_by_two_config_entry_not_mem_span_logAlg {u : ℂ} (h : IsCandidate u)
    (m : ℕ) (w : Fin m → ℂ) (hgen : AlgebraicIndependent Qbar (Fin.cons u w : Fin (m + 1) → ℂ))
    (x y : Fin 2 → ℂ) (hx : LinearIndependent Qbar x) (hy : LinearIndependent Qbar y)
    (hxy : ∀ i j, x i * y j ∈ Submodule.span Qbar (({1, u, conj u} : Set ℂ) ∪ Set.range w)) :
    (∀ i, ∃ j, x i * y j ∉ Submodule.span Qbar LogAlg) ∧
      (∀ j, ∃ i, x i * y j ∉ Submodule.span Qbar LogAlg) := by
  sorry

end DiazModulus
Source
Not found in the sources read; uses A. Baker, Linear forms in the logarithms of algebraic numbers I, Mathematika 13 (1966), 204–216. R6 of the Diaz modulus mission (the polar-degree note). Formal proof: Diaz modulus mission, 8 October 2026 (C. Perassi).

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