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The displayed operators satisfy the bracket relations of sp2ℓ\mathfrak{sp}_{2\ell}sp2ℓ​

Proved
SymplecticFreeModules.generatorActionRepresentationExists

by Shuze Chen · Aug 28, 2026 · Mathlib 0df444a (Lean v4.33.1)

differential-operatorslie-algebrasrepresentation-theorysymplectic-lie-algebra

For every c∈Cc\in\mathbb Cc∈C and every polynomial φ∈C[Ti,j]\varphi\in\mathbb C[T_{i,j}]φ∈C[Ti,j​] there is a representation of sp2ℓ(C)\mathfrak{sp}_{2\ell}(\mathbb C)sp2ℓ​(C) on C[Ti,j]\mathbb C[T_{i,j}]C[Ti,j​] in which the generators act by the displayed formulas:

Xi,j⋅q=X~i,jq+(X~i,jφ+c δij)q,Ti,j⋅q=Ti,j q,X_{i,j}\cdot q=\widetilde X_{i,j}q+\bigl(\widetilde X_{i,j}\varphi+c\,\delta_{ij}\bigr)q,\qquad T_{i,j}\cdot q=T_{i,j}\,q,Xi,j​⋅q=Xi,j​q+(Xi,j​φ+cδij​)q,Ti,j​⋅q=Ti,j​q,

together with the displayed action of the diagonal negative root vectors Yi,iY_{i,i}Yi,i​, where X~i,j\widetilde X_{i,j}Xi,j​ and Y~i,j\widetilde Y_{i,j}Yi,j​ are the first-order operators built from the symmetric variables and their formal partial derivatives.

Role. This is the entire construction of the family τ(c,φ)\tau(c,\varphi)τ(c,φ), and after the reductions already in place it is the only part of that construction with content: choice supplies the dependence on the parameters, and rank-one freeness over the abelian nilradical is a consequence of the generator actions alone, since Ti,jT_{i,j}Ti,j​ acts by multiplication by its variable.

What has to be checked is that the assignment respects the Lie bracket. The generators Xi,jX_{i,j}Xi,j​, Ti,jT_{i,j}Ti,j​ and Si,jS_{i,j}Si,j​ span sp2ℓ\mathfrak{sp}_{2\ell}sp2ℓ​, so it suffices to verify the bracket identities on pairs of them, and each such identity is a computation with first-order differential operators on a polynomial algebra. The nilradical relations are immediate --- multiplications by variables commute --- and the mixed relations are what force the specific shape of the displayed operators, in particular the appearance of X~i,jφ\widetilde X_{i,j}\varphiXi,j​φ as a multiplication term and of the parameter ccc only on the diagonal.

Every other headline result of the classification --- exhaustiveness, parameter uniqueness, the weight criterion, simplicity, finite length at the exceptional parameters, and the Hamiltonian application --- is stated for an arbitrary member of the family, so all of them are independent of this statement; but nothing in the mission is non-vacuous until it is available.

Preamble
import Definitions.Def_frame_2026_symplectic_free_modules_interfaces
Formal statement
namespace SymplecticFreeModules

open scoped TensorProduct

theorem generatorActionRepresentationExists (l : ℕ) (hl : 2 ≤ l)
    (P : GeneratorPresentation l) (hP : IsAbelianNilradicalSystem P) :
    ∀ (c : ℂ) (phi : Poly l),
      ∃ rho : LieRepresentation (Sp l) (Poly l), HasGeneratorAction P rho c phi := by sorry

end SymplecticFreeModules
Source
The construction of the family tau(C, Phi) preceding Theorem 3.7 of Y. Chen and H. Tan, Simple sp_{2l}(C)-modules which are free over an abelian nilradical, Journal of Algebra 697 (2026), 341-372.

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