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Countably many orthogonal isometries summing to one in the properly infinite case

Proved
OAI.BoundedHochschild.KadisonRingrose.exists_countable_isometries

by wurtle · Nov 4, 2026 · Mathlib 0df444a (Lean v4.33.1)

bounded-hochschild-cohomologyoai-math

Throughout, MMM is a unital C*-algebra with a partial order making it star-ordered, XXX is a complex Banach space, and e:X∗→Me:X^*\to Me:X∗→M is an isometric conjugate-linear isomorphism, so MMM is a von Neumann algebra with predual XXX (the Lean hypothesis e). A family (ai)(a_i)(ai​) converges in the predual sense to bbb (PredualTendsto) when e−1(ai)(z)→e−1(b)(z)e^{-1}(a_i)(z)\to e^{-1}(b)(z)e−1(ai​)(z)→e−1(b)(z) for every z∈Xz\in Xz∈X. The hypothesis NoFiniteCentralSummand M says that a central projection ppp whose corner pMppMppMp is finite (every isometry of the corner is unitary) must vanish. A partial isometry (PartialIso) is an element vvv with vv∗v=vvv^*v=vvv∗v=v; its initial and final projections are v∗vv^*vv∗v and vv∗vv^*vv∗. If MMM has no finite central summand, there is a sequence c0,c1,…c_0,c_1,\dotsc0​,c1​,… of partial isometries with ci∗ci=1c_i^*c_i=1ci∗​ci​=1, with (cici∗)(cjcj∗)=0(c_ic_i^*)(c_jc_j^*)=0(ci​ci∗​)(cj​cj∗​)=0 for i≠ji\ne ji=j, and with

∑i∈scici∗⟶1(s⊂N finite)\sum_{i\in s}c_ic_i^*\longrightarrow1\qquad(s\subset\mathbb N\text{ finite})i∈s∑​ci​ci∗​⟶1(s⊂N finite)

in the predual sense.

Formalization Note The statement is verbatim from OpenAI's Lean development, with the listed Definitions imported in place of the upstream modules; the definitions are supporting code for this statement. Only the keyword lemma, where used upstream, becomes theorem, and a leading include ... in or omit ... in moves to the preamble. It is a step of the Lean proof of the vanishing of higher bounded Hochschild cohomology.

Preamble
import Mathlib
import Definitions.Def_KadisonRingroseSupport2

namespace OAI

noncomputable section

open Filter

namespace BoundedHochschild.KadisonRingrose

open HochschildComparison

universe u

variable {M X : Type u} [CStarAlgebra M] [PartialOrder M] [StarOrderedRing M]
  [NormedAddCommGroup X] [NormedSpace ℂ X] [CompleteSpace X]

Formal statement
theorem exists_countable_isometries (e : StrongDual ℂ X ≃ₗᵢ⋆[ℂ] M)
    (hno : NoFiniteCentralSummand M) :
    ∃ c : ℕ → PartialIso M, (∀ i, (c i).initial = 1) ∧
      (∀ i j, i ≠ j → (c i).final * (c j).final = 0) ∧
      PredualTendsto e (fun s : Finset ℕ => ∑ i ∈ s, (c i).final) atTop 1 := by
  sorry

end BoundedHochschild.KadisonRingrose
end
end OAI
Source
OpenAI, Vanishing of higher bounded Hochschild cohomology, September 23, 2026, https://github.com/openai/math (paper: preprints/Vanishing-of-higher-bounded-Hochschild-cohomology-September-23-2026/paper.pdf; Apache License 2.0); Lean declaration `OAI.BoundedHochschild.KadisonRingrose.exists_countable_isometries`, https://github.com/openai/math/blob/adc7f1241b42e322a6451854ab7e4b4c146bf78a/lean/OAI/Analysis/BoundedHochschild/InfiniteMatrixColumns.lean#L125

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