Legendre parameters over j=0 and j=1728 are q²-fixed
Provedpow_sq_eq_self_of_level_two_value_of_eq_zero_or_eq_1728Let be a field whose characteristic is a prime with , let satisfy or , and let satisfy the polynomial identity
Then . Thus, writing , the assertion is that any solution in of the denominator-cleared equation for the Legendre -invariant , with equal to or to , is fixed by the square of the Frobenius endomorphism of , i.e. lies in the subfield of of elements satisfying . No hypothesis of perfectness, finiteness or algebraic closedness is imposed on .
The equation is the division-free form of for the Legendre parameter , and the conclusion is the -rationality of the level-two parameter above the two exceptional -invariants and . It feeds the rationality hypotheses used in the local analysis at the nodes of the -line, being cited by the localisation results ModularCurve.LambdaNodeLocalized.eq_comap_maximalIdeal_lambdaLocalizedAtPoint_of_sub_const_mem, ModularCurve.LambdaNodeLocalized.exists_level_two_value_sub_const_mem_of_isMaximal and ModularCurve.LambdaNodeLocalized.exists_subring_adicCompletion_ringEquiv_eqLocus_of_stabilizer_of_eq_zero_or_eq_1728, among others.
import Mathlib set_option maxHeartbeats 4000000 set_option synthInstance.maxHeartbeats 400000 set_option backward.isDefEq.respectTransparency.types false set_option autoImplicit false
theorem pow_sq_eq_self_of_level_two_value_of_eq_zero_or_eq_1728
{k : Type*} [Field k] {q : ℕ} [Fact q.Prime] [CharP k q] (hq : 5 ≤ q)
(a : k) (h01728 : a = 0 ∨ a = 1728) (l : k)
(hl : a * ((16 * l) ^ 2 * (16 * l - 1) ^ 2) = 256 * ((16 * l) ^ 2 - 16 * l + 1) ^ 3) :
l ^ (q ^ 2) = l := by sorry