No zeros of with in the upper strip
Openzeta_ne_zero_of_strip_of_five_lt_imLet denote the Riemann zeta function. The assertion is that has no zero strictly to the right of the critical line inside the critical strip and above height :
This is open, and it is equivalent to the Riemann hypothesis. The unconditionally known facts reduce the hypothesis to exactly this region: non-vanishing on is classical; the rectangle , is zero-free by an explicit estimate on the completed zeta function; and the reflection identity transfers a zero with to one with . Hence non-vanishing in the region above implies for all , which by the functional equation and the localisation of the nontrivial zeros in the critical strip is the Riemann hypothesis.
The lower limit cannot be raised much by the method that settles the rectangle: at the first nontrivial zero, of height , the entire part of the completed zeta function is exactly equal to its pole terms , so no bound of the form with independent of can reach that height.
Formalization note. riemannZeta is Mathlib's zeta function.
import Mathlib.NumberTheory.LSeries.RiemannZeta import Mathlib.NumberTheory.LSeries.Nonvanishing open Complex
theorem zeta_ne_zero_of_strip_of_five_lt_im (s : ℂ) (h0 : 1 / 2 < s.re) (h1 : s.re < 1)
(him : 5 < s.im) : riemannZeta s ≠ 0 := by sorry