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The explicit antiderivative KKK of 1/Δ1/\Delta1/Δ for Kerr, all parameter branches

Proved
ExactVacuumAtlas.Kerr.R3.hasDerivAt_K

by He Wang · Oct 13, 2026 · Mathlib 0df444a (Lean v4.33.1)

boyer-lindquistcoordinate-geometryderivativeexact-vacuum-atlasgeneral-relativitykerr-metricreal-analysis

Let M,aM,aM,a be real numbers and Δ=r2−2Mr+a2\Delta=r^2-2Mr+a^2Δ=r2−2Mr+a2. Define KM,a:R→RK_{M,a}:\mathbb R\to\mathbb RKM,a​:R→R by cases on the sign of M2−a2M^2-a^2M2−a2: for M2>a2M^2>a^2M2>a2 with b=M2−a2b=\sqrt{M^2-a^2}b=M2−a2​, K(r)=log⁡∣r−(M+b)∣−log⁡∣r−(M−b)∣2bK(r)=\dfrac{\log\lvert r-(M+b)\rvert-\log\lvert r-(M-b)\rvert}{2b}K(r)=2blog∣r−(M+b)∣−log∣r−(M−b)∣​; for M2<a2M^2<a^2M2<a2 with b=a2−M2b=\sqrt{a^2-M^2}b=a2−M2​, K(r)=arctan⁡((r−M)/b)bK(r)=\dfrac{\arctan\big((r-M)/b\big)}{b}K(r)=barctan((r−M)/b)​; for M2=a2M^2=a^2M2=a2, K(r)=−1r−MK(r)=-\dfrac1{r-M}K(r)=−r−M1​. Then for every rrr with Δ(r)≠0\Delta(r)\neq0Δ(r)=0,

K′(r)=1Δ(r).K'(r)=\frac1{\Delta(r)}.K′(r)=Δ(r)1​.

Supplies the antiderivative of 1/Δ1/\Delta1/Δ used by the explicit R3 functions H1=Mlog⁡∣Δ∣+2M2KH_1=M\log|\Delta|+2M^2KH1​=Mlog∣Δ∣+2M2K and H2=aKH_2=aKH2​=aK, so that H1′=2Mr/ΔH_1'=2Mr/\DeltaH1′​=2Mr/Δ and H2′=a/ΔH_2'=a/\DeltaH2′​=a/Δ hold for every real M,aM,aM,a (two real roots, double root, no real root).

Formalization Note Mathlib's real logarithm satisfies log⁡x=log⁡∣x∣\log x=\log|x|logx=log∣x∣, so the logarithmic branch is valid on both sides of each root; the case split is on 0<M2−a20<M^2-a^20<M2−a2, M2−a2<0M^2-a^2<0M2−a2<0, else.

Preamble
import Mathlib
import Definitions.Def_Atlas_Core_Basic
import Definitions.Def_Atlas_Kerr_Domain
import Definitions.Def_Atlas_Kerr_InDefs
import Definitions.Def_Atlas_Kerr_R3
import Definitions.Def_KerrBL_CoordGeometry
import Definitions.Def_KerrBL_Kerr_Metric
open Real
open scoped ContDiff
open ExactVacuumAtlas ExactVacuumAtlas.Kerr
open ExactVacuumAtlas
open ExactVacuumAtlas.Kerr
open ExactVacuumAtlas.Kerr.R3
set_option maxHeartbeats 4000000
variable (M a : ℝ)
Formal statement
theorem ExactVacuumAtlas.Kerr.R3.hasDerivAt_K {r : ℝ} (hr : r ∈ radDom M a) : HasDerivAt (K M a) (1 / Delta M a r) r := by sorry
Source
M. Visser, arXiv:0706.0622, eqs. (E:BL-change-1), (E:BL-change-2), (E:BL-change-3): u = t + r, t = t_BL + 2M∫ r dr/Δ, φ = −φ_BL − a∫ dr/Δ; elementary one-variable calculus (standard); Lean source: repository ExactVacuumAtlas (private repository, not publicly accessible; GitHub remote pending (no GitHub identity on the build server)), commit 35f26e6a22f5d72380094fa94edc72dea667df53, Atlas/Kerr/R3.lean#L296-L308 (module Atlas.Kerr.R3, file sha256 8c3daf73ffed5d59070e65502f367d8325cf71e38068784dd6b32e7621d72d5c; uploaded stub = platform_mirror/Theorems/Thm_ExactVacuumAtlas_Kerr_R3_hasDerivAt_K.lean)
Human review
  • Endorsed by Shuze Chen · Oct 14, 2026

    Confirmed by the moderator at approval.

  • Endorsed by He Wang · Oct 14, 2026

    Confirmed by the mission captain (proposal self-audit).

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