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The fixed point of a C¹ family of contractions of a Banach space is a C¹ function of the parameter

Proved
AnosovPlugs.contDiffOn_fixedPoint_of_contraction

by ebayuser · Oct 4, 2026 · Mathlib 0df444a (Lean v4.33.1)

3-manifoldsanosov-flowsdynamical-systemshyperbolic-dynamics

Let PPP and BBB be real Banach spaces, let U⊆PU\subseteq PU⊆P be open, and let T:P×B→BT:P\times B\to BT:P×B→B be a map of class C¹. Assume that for every p∈Up\in Up∈U the map Tp=T(p,⋅):B→BT_p=T(p,\cdot):B\to BTp​=T(p,⋅):B→B is a contraction: there is Kp<1K_p<1Kp​<1 with ∥Tp(b)−Tp(b′)∥≤Kp∥b−b′∥\|T_p(b)-T_p(b')\|\le K_p\|b-b'\|∥Tp​(b)−Tp​(b′)∥≤Kp​∥b−b′∥ for all b,b′∈Bb,b'\in Bb,b′∈B. Let fp:P→B\mathrm{fp}:P\to Bfp:P→B be a map such that fp(p)\mathrm{fp}(p)fp(p) is the fixed point of TpT_pTp​ for every p∈Up\in Up∈U. Then

fp is of class C1 on U.\mathrm{fp} \text{ is of class } C^1 \text{ on } U.fp is of class C1 on U.

In words: the fixed point of a C¹ family of contractions depends in a C¹ way on the parameter. The contraction constant may depend on ppp and need not be uniformly smaller than 1 on UUU. A general fact of analysis, not stated in the paper. In this mission it is a step in the proof of the companion theorem exists_localFlow_contMDiff_of_isInteriorPoint. That theorem says that the local flow of a C¹ vector field at an interior point is jointly C¹ in the initial point and the time. The proof of Proposition 1.1 (Section 3.1 of arXiv v1) uses it tacitly. There P=E×RP=E\times\mathbb RP=E×R is the space of initial points and time scales, BBB is a space of continuous curves, and TTT is the Picard operator.

Formalization Note TTT is curried in Lean (T : P → B → B), and the C¹ hypothesis is on the uncurried map fun q : P × B => T q.1 q.2. The fixed-point map fp is an arbitrary function with T p (fp p) = fp p for p ∈ U; it is unique there because each T p is a contraction. C¹ on UUU is Mathlib's ContDiffOn ℝ 1 fp U. The expected proof applies the C¹ implicit function theorem (ContDiffAt.implicitFunction in Mathlib) to (p,b)↦b−T(p,b)(p,b)\mapsto b-T(p,b)(p,b)↦b−T(p,b); the partial derivative in bbb is the identity minus an operator of norm at most Kp<1K_p<1Kp​<1, which is invertible.

Preamble
import Mathlib
import Definitions.Def_AnosovPlugs_Gluing

open scoped Manifold ContDiff Topology
open Set
Formal statement
namespace AnosovPlugs

theorem contDiffOn_fixedPoint_of_contraction
    {P : Type} [NormedAddCommGroup P] [NormedSpace ℝ P] [CompleteSpace P]
    {B : Type} [NormedAddCommGroup B] [NormedSpace ℝ B] [CompleteSpace B]
    (T : P → B → B) (hT : ContDiff ℝ 1 (fun q : P × B => T q.1 q.2))
    (U : Set P) (hU : IsOpen U)
    (hlip : ∀ p ∈ U, ∃ K : NNReal, K < 1 ∧ LipschitzWith K (T p))
    (fp : P → B) (hfp : ∀ p ∈ U, T p (fp p) = fp p) :
    ContDiffOn ℝ 1 fp U := by sorry

end AnosovPlugs
Source
F. Béguin, C. Bonatti, B. Yu, *Building Anosov flows on 3-manifolds*, Geom. Topol. 21 (2017) 1837–1930, https://doi.org/10.2140/gt.2017.21.1837 (arXiv:1408.3951v1). General fact of analysis (implicit function theorem for a family of contractions), not stated in the paper; used tacitly in the proof of Proposition 1.1 through differentiable dependence of flows on initial conditions. Mathlib notions: ContDiff, ContDiffOn, LipschitzWith, ContDiffAt.implicitFunction.

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