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Lorentzian frames give Mathlib signature (n,1)(n,1)(n,1) in dimension n+1n+1n+1

Proved
ExactVacuumAtlas.sigPos_sigNeg_of_isLorentzian

by He Wang · Oct 13, 2026 · Mathlib 0df444a (Lean v4.33.1)

coordinate-geometryexact-vacuum-atlasgeneral-relativitylinear-algebralorentzian-signaturequadratic-forms

Let nnn be a natural number and GGG a real (n+1)×(n+1)(n+1)\times(n+1)(n+1)×(n+1) matrix which is Lorentzian in the sense of bundle Atlas_Core_Basic: there is a matrix EEE with invertible determinant and ETGE=diag(−1,1,…,1)E^{\mathsf T}GE=\mathrm{diag}(-1,1,\dots,1)ETGE=diag(−1,1,…,1). Let QG(v)=vTGvQ_G(v)=v^{\mathsf T}GvQG​(v)=vTGv be the quadratic form of GGG on Rn+1\mathbb R^{n+1}Rn+1. Then Mathlib's positive and negative indices of inertia of QGQ_GQG​ are

sigPos(QG)=n,sigNeg(QG)=1.\mathrm{sigPos}(Q_G)=n,\qquad \mathrm{sigNeg}(Q_G)=1.sigPos(QG​)=n,sigNeg(QG​)=1.

(For n=0n=0n=0 the form is negative definite on R1\mathbb R^1R1.)

Bridge from the local frame-based notion of Lorentzian signature to Mathlib's own signature of a quadratic form (QuadraticForm signature in the pinned Mathlib), so that the certificates' signature clause is expressed in a library-native invariant. Only this direction is proved; the converse is not needed and, without symmetry of GGG, is false.

Formalization Note QGQ_GQG​ is Matrix.toQuadraticForm'; sigPos/sigNeg are Mathlib's counts of positive and negative coefficients in an equivalent weighted sum of squares.

Preamble
import Mathlib
import Definitions.Def_Atlas_Core_Basic
open Matrix
Formal statement
theorem ExactVacuumAtlas.sigPos_sigNeg_of_isLorentzian {n : ℕ} {G : Matrix (Fin (n + 1)) (Fin (n + 1)) ℝ}
    (h : IsLorentzian G) : sigPos G.toQuadraticForm' = n ∧ sigNeg G.toQuadraticForm' = 1 := by sorry
Source
Sylvester's law of inertia (standard linear algebra); Mathlib LinearAlgebra/QuadraticForm/Signature.lean (pinned 0df444a3) for sigPos/sigNeg; Lean source: repository ExactVacuumAtlas (private repository, not publicly accessible; GitHub remote pending (no GitHub identity on the build server)), commit 35f26e6a22f5d72380094fa94edc72dea667df53, Atlas/Core/Signature.lean#L52-L68 (module Atlas.Core.Signature, file sha256 24deab1b17221c81185dcc9074681eaeb5d9014f73bf1bf6db43099e2f93278d; uploaded stub = platform_mirror/Theorems/Thm_ExactVacuumAtlas_sigPos_sigNeg_of_isLorentzian.lean)
Human review
  • Endorsed by Shuze Chen · Oct 14, 2026

    Confirmed by the moderator at approval.

  • Endorsed by He Wang · Oct 14, 2026

    Confirmed by the mission captain (proposal self-audit).

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