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In a Q̄-space of rational functions of u, the ratio x₁/x₀ of a 2×3 configuration is p(u)/q(u) with p, q coprime and not both constant

Proved
DiazModulus.rational_space_configuration_coprime_ratio

by carlok · Oct 23, 2026 · Mathlib 0df444a (Lean v4.33.1)

diaz-modulus-leannumber-theorytranscendence

Let u∈Cu \in \mathbb{C}u∈C be transcendental, that is, u∉Q‾u \notin \overline{\mathbb{Q}}u∈/Q​ (the algebraic numbers); spans and linear independence are over Q‾\overline{\mathbb{Q}}Q​. Let WWW be a Q‾\overline{\mathbb{Q}}Q​-subspace of C\mathbb{C}C all of whose elements lie in Q‾(u)\overline{\mathbb{Q}}(u)Q​(u), the subfield of C\mathbb{C}C generated by Q‾\overline{\mathbb{Q}}Q​ and uuu, and let x0,x1∈Cx_0, x_1 \in \mathbb{C}x0​,x1​∈C be linearly independent and y0,y1,y2∈Cy_0, y_1, y_2 \in \mathbb{C}y0​,y1​,y2​∈C linearly independent, with xiyj∈Wx_iy_j \in Wxi​yj​∈W for all i,ji, ji,j (a 2×32 \times 32×3 configuration in WWW). Then there are coprime p,q∈Q‾[X]p, q \in \overline{\mathbb{Q}}[X]p,q∈Q​[X] with max⁡(deg⁡p,deg⁡q)≥1\max(\deg p, \deg q) \geq 1max(degp,degq)≥1 and x1q(u)=x0p(u)x_1q(u) = x_0p(u)x1​q(u)=x0​p(u).

That is, the ratio x1/x0x_1/x_0x1​/x0​ is p(u)/q(u)p(u)/q(u)p(u)/q(u) in lowest terms, and it is not an algebraic number.

Proof. Both x0y0x_0y_0x0​y0​ and x1y0x_1y_0x1​y0​ lie in W⊆Q‾(u)W \subseteq \overline{\mathbb{Q}}(u)W⊆Q​(u), and x0,y0≠0x_0, y_0 \neq 0x0​,y0​=0 because the families are independent, so x1/x0=(x1y0)/(x0y0)x_1/x_0 = (x_1y_0)/(x_0y_0)x1​/x0​=(x1​y0​)/(x0​y0​) lies in the field Q‾(u)\overline{\mathbb{Q}}(u)Q​(u). So it is r(u)/s(u)r(u)/s(u)r(u)/s(u) for polynomials r,sr, sr,s over Q‾\overline{\mathbb{Q}}Q​, with s(u)≠0s(u) \neq 0s(u)=0 since x1/x0≠0x_1/x_0 \neq 0x1​/x0​=0. Dividing rrr and sss by g=gcd⁡(r,s)g = \gcd(r, s)g=gcd(r,s) gives coprime p=r/gp = r/gp=r/g and q=s/gq = s/gq=s/g, and x1q(u)=x0p(u)x_1q(u) = x_0p(u)x1​q(u)=x0​p(u) after cancelling g(u)g(u)g(u), which is non-zero because uuu is transcendental. If ppp and qqq were constants α\alphaα and β\betaβ, then αx0−βx1=0\alpha x_0 - \beta x_1 = 0αx0​−βx1​=0 would force α=β=0\alpha = \beta = 0α=β=0 by the independence of xxx, and 0,00, 00,0 are not coprime; so max⁡(deg⁡p,deg⁡q)≥1\max(\deg p, \deg q) \geq 1max(degp,degq)≥1.

Novelty. Not found in the sources read; routine.

Preamble
import Definitions.Def_DiazModulus
Formal statement
open Complex ComplexConjugate

namespace DiazModulus

open Polynomial in
theorem rational_space_configuration_coprime_ratio (u : ℂ) (hu : u ∉ Qbar) (W : Submodule (↥Qbar) ℂ)
    (hrat : ∀ w ∈ W, w ∈ IntermediateField.adjoin Qbar ({u} : Set ℂ))
    (x : Fin 2 → ℂ) (y : Fin 3 → ℂ) (hx : LinearIndependent (↥Qbar) x)
    (hy : LinearIndependent (↥Qbar) y) (hxy : ∀ i j, x i * y j ∈ W) :
    ∃ p q : (↥Qbar)[X], IsCoprime p q ∧ 1 ≤ max p.natDegree q.natDegree ∧
      x 1 * aeval u q = x 0 * aeval u p := by
  sorry

end DiazModulus
Source
Not found in the sources read. R20 of the Diaz modulus mission. Formal proof: Diaz modulus mission, 23 October 2026 (C. Perassi).

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