Open cycles never close: cyclic third/fourth-term chains of pairs stay open forever
ProvedErdos195.open_cycle_never_closesA tree witness defines a strict total order on (milestone framework). A finite word of integers is -safe if the sequence "letters of in order, then all remaining integers in -order" has no monotone 4-term arithmetic progression; positions are first occurrences. For an in-order pair of a word (a before b), call its third term and its fourth term. Theorem (open cycles never close). Let be a finite word, , and let , , be pairs of letters of with before , forming a cycle in the sense that the fourth term of each pair is the third term of the next one:
and suppose no third term lies in . Then for every tree witness and every word such that is -safe, none of the third or fourth terms occurs in : all pairs of the cycle stay open forever.
The case is the interlocked-pairs lemma (two pairs with swapped third and fourth terms). The statement shows that any cyclic chain of this kind permanently blocks a set of integers from ever being added, for every tree order. It is a structural lemma in the tree-witness approach to Erdős #195, not a construction or an impossibility result.
Formalization note: words are List ℤ, positions via List.idxOf, the pairs are given by a b : ℕ → ℤ on indices i < m, the successor index is (i+1) % m, and safety is Safe (treeLt θ). For the statement is vacuous.
import Mathlib import Definitions.Def_Erdos195_tree
namespace Erdos195
theorem open_cycle_never_closes (θ : ℕ → ℤ → Bool) (T R : List ℤ) (m : ℕ) (a b : ℕ → ℤ)
(ha : ∀ i < m, a i ∈ T) (hb : ∀ i < m, b i ∈ T)
(hi : ∀ i < m, T.idxOf (a i) < T.idxOf (b i))
(hcyc : ∀ i < m, 3 * b i - 2 * a i = 2 * b ((i + 1) % m) - a ((i + 1) % m))
(ht : ∀ i < m, 2 * b i - a i ∉ T) (hS : Safe (treeLt θ) (T ++ R)) :
∀ i < m, 2 * b i - a i ∉ T ++ R ∧ 3 * b i - 2 * a i ∉ T ++ R := by sorry
end Erdos195