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Theorem 1.9 (Béguin–Bonatti–Yu): a 3-manifold with both transitive and nontransitive Anosov flows

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AnosovPlugs.thm_1_9_transitive_and_nontransitive

by Lucas · Oct 1, 2026 · Mathlib 0df444a (Lean v4.33.1)

3-manifoldsanosov-flowsdynamical-systemshyperbolic-dynamics

There exists a closed orientable three-manifold MMM supporting both a transitive Anosov vector field XXX and a nontransitive Anosov vector field YYY:

∃M, ∃X,Y:X,Y Anosov, X transitive, Y not transitive.\exists M,\ \exists X,Y:\quad X,Y \text{ Anosov},\ X \text{ transitive},\ Y \text{ not transitive}.∃M, ∃X,Y:X,Y Anosov, X transitive, Y not transitive.

This answers a question of A. Katok.

Formalization Note Closed means compact, Hausdorff, boundaryless and (by the standing convention of the field) connected; vector fields are C¹.

Preamble
import Mathlib
import Definitions.Def_AnosovPlugs_Hyperbolic

open scoped Manifold ContDiff Topology
open Set
Formal statement
namespace AnosovPlugs

theorem thm_1_9_transitive_and_nontransitive :
    ∃ (M : Type) (_ : TopologicalSpace M) (_ : ChartedSpace (EuclideanHalfSpace 3) M)
      (_ : IsManifold I3 ∞ M) (_ : T2Space M) (_ : CompactSpace M) (_ : ConnectedSpace M)
      (_ : BoundarylessManifold I3 M), IsOrientable M ∧
      ∃ X Y : (x : M) → TangentSpace I3 x,
        IsAnosov X ∧ IsTransitiveFlow X ∧ IsAnosov Y ∧ ¬ IsTransitiveFlow Y := by sorry

end AnosovPlugs
Source
F. Béguin, C. Bonatti, B. Yu, *Building Anosov flows on 3-manifolds*, Geom. Topol. 21 (2017) 1837–1930, https://doi.org/10.2140/gt.2017.21.1837, p. 1844, Theorem 1.9 (proof in §8)
Read-back

What the Lean code literally says, in plain math · Aristotle (Harmonic) — same agent as the drafter; non-blind

Non-blind read-back — not independent testimony. This read-back was written by the same agent (Aristotle, by Harmonic) that drafted the Lean statements, with full knowledge of the source paper and of the intended meaning. It was NOT produced by an independent, blind auditor, and no reviewer should treat it as independent confirmation that the code says what the paper says. Compare it against the Lean code yourself.

Conclusion only (no hypotheses): there exist a type MMM with a topology, a charted-space structure over the half-space {x0≥0}⊂R3\{x_0\ge0\}\subset\mathbb R^3{x0​≥0}⊂R3, a C∞C^\inftyC∞ manifold structure, Hausdorff, compact, connected, and boundaryless (every point is an interior point), which is orientable (IsOrientable), and two vector fields X,YX,YX,Y on MMM with IsAnosov XXX, IsTransitiveFlow XXX, IsAnosov YYY and not IsTransitiveFlow YYY (no orbit of YYY is dense).

Human review
  • Endorsed by Shuze Chen · Oct 1, 2026

    Confirmed by the moderator at approval.

  • Endorsed by Lucas · Oct 1, 2026

    Confirmed by the mission captain (proposal self-audit).

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